Free Microbiology Test Bank Questions PDF

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sugar meat pepton broth, sugar meat pepton agar. These nutrient media are optimal for Corynebacterium diphtheriae cultivation due to their ability to support the growth of this bacterium. Sugar meat pepton broth provides a liquid medium with essential nutrients, while sugar meat pepton agar provides a solid surface for bacterial growth and isolation. Incorrect choices: A: Diphtheriae does not require specific conditions for cultivation. C: Salt egg yolk agar is not commonly used for Corynebacterium diphtheriae. D: Endomedium and Ploskirev medium are not standard media for diphtheria testing.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Orthomyxovirus type 1. Family Reoviridae includes Orthoreovirus types 1, 2, and 3. Orthomyxovirus belongs to a different family, Orthomyxoviridae. Therefore, B is the correct answer. Orthoreovirus types 1, 2, and 3 are part of the Reoviridae family. Choice A, C, and D are incorrect because they are all part of the Reoviridae family which includes Orthoreoviruses.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: TRUE. The innate immune system is the body's first line of defense against infections and is always active, providing immediate protection without prior exposure to a specific pathogen. It includes physical barriers, such as skin and mucous membranes, and cellular components like phagocytes and natural killer cells. The innate immune response is nonspecific and rapid, providing a crucial initial defense against pathogens. Choice B is incorrect because the innate immune system is always active, even without any prior exposure to pathogens. Choice C is incorrect because the innate immune system is consistently functioning to protect the body, regardless of the situation. Choice D is incorrect as the correct answer is A.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Flagella. Flagella are the structures used for bacterial motility, allowing bacteria to move towards or away from stimuli. They are long, whip-like appendages that rotate to propel the bacteria. Fimbriae (A) are short, hair-like structures used for attachment, not movement. Capsules (B) are protective layers surrounding bacteria. Pili (D) are used for adherence and conjugation, not motility. In summary, flagella are specifically designed for bacterial movement, making them the correct choice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sugar meat pepton broth, sugar meat pepton agar. These nutrient media are optimal for Corynebacterium diphtheriae cultivation due to their ability to support the growth of this bacterium. Sugar meat pepton broth provides a liquid medium with essential nutrients, while sugar meat pepton agar provides a solid surface for bacterial growth and isolation. Incorrect choices: A: Diphtheriae does not require specific conditions for cultivation. C: Salt egg yolk agar is not commonly used for Corynebacterium diphtheriae. D: Endomedium and Ploskirev medium are not standard media for diphtheria testing.