Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank Quizlet

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it addresses the specific nursing interventions needed for a patient with head injuries like J.E. Skin care and repositioning every 2 hours help prevent pressure ulcers. Maintaining extremity alignment prevents contractures. Respiratory exercises aid in lung expansion and prevent complications. The other choices are incorrect because they either lack essential interventions (B) or include unnecessary or inappropriate interventions (C, D). Teaching the use of an overhead trapeze is not necessary for head injuries, and intermittent positive pressure breathing therapy may not be indicated. Choice A provides a comprehensive and targeted approach to address the specific needs of a patient with head injuries.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Asking about seeing halos around lights is relevant to assessing the patient's eye health as it could indicate conditions like glaucoma or cataracts. Upper respiratory infections (A), riding in a car (B), and scuba diving (C) are not directly related to eye health assessment. By focusing on symptoms directly related to the eyes, the nurse can gather relevant information for a more accurate assessment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fine needle aspiration. This is because fine needle aspiration involves extracting cells from the lump in the breast for examination under a microscope to determine if they are cancerous. This procedure provides a definitive diagnosis of breast cancer. Breast self-examination (A) is a screening tool for detecting lumps but does not confirm a diagnosis. Mammography (C) is used for screening and detecting abnormalities but requires further testing for confirmation. Chest x-ray (D) is not useful for diagnosing breast cancer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Painful and frequent urination. Cloudy penile discharge is a common symptom of urethritis, which is inflammation of the urethra. Painful and frequent urination are classic symptoms of urethritis due to irritation and inflammation of the urinary tract. Throat or rectal infection (choice A) are not typically associated with urethritis. Chancres or vesicles on the genitals (choice B) are more indicative of sexually transmitted infections like syphilis or herpes. Oliguria and flank pain (choice D) are more suggestive of kidney or urinary tract issues rather than urethritis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Miosis, partial eyelid ptosis, and anhidrosis on the affected side of the face. This is indicative of Horner's syndrome, which occurs due to the disruption of sympathetic nerve supply. Miosis (constricted pupil), ptosis (drooping eyelid), and anhidrosis (lack of sweating) are classic signs of Horner's syndrome. These symptoms occur when the tumor invades the ribs and affects the sympathetic nerve ganglia. Summary of other choices: B: Chest pain, dyspnea, cough, weight loss, and fever are more commonly associated with lung cancer but not specific to Horner's syndrome. C: Arm and shoulder pain and atrophy of arm and hand muscles are not typical signs of Horner's syndrome. D: Hoarseness and dysphagia are more common symptoms of compression of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, not Horner's syndrome.