Endocrinology Practice Questions

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Anorexia nervosa can affect both males and females. 2. Therefore, it is not exclusively in females. 3. Hypokalaemia, primary amenorrhea, and low FSH and LH are commonly associated with anorexia nervosa. 4. Choice C is incorrect as anorexia nervosa can affect individuals of any gender.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Elevated glucose levels in obese individuals are often due to insulin resistance. Insulin resistance occurs when the body's cells do not respond effectively to insulin, leading to decreased glucose uptake. This results in elevated blood glucose levels. Diabetic acidosis (choice A) is a complication of uncontrolled diabetes characterized by high blood ketone levels, not directly related to obesity. Glucose intolerance (choice B) refers to the body's inability to regulate blood glucose levels efficiently but is not specific to obesity. Insulin deficiency (choice D) is characteristic of type 1 diabetes, where the body does not produce enough insulin, which is distinct from insulin resistance seen in obesity.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Diarrhea. Addison's disease is a condition where the adrenal glands do not produce enough hormones. Diarrhea is not a typical symptom of Addison's disease. The characteristic features include fatigue, weakness, weight loss, dizziness (B), hyperpigmentation, low blood pressure, dehydration (D), and skin changes like dermatitis is common (C). Therefore, diarrhea does not align with the typical symptoms of Addison's disease.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cortisol. The adrenal cortex produces cortisol, a steroid hormone involved in stress response and metabolism. Norepinephrine (A) is produced by the adrenal medulla. 5-DHEA (C) is a precursor to sex hormones and not directly produced by the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone (D) is produced by the adrenal cortex but is involved in regulating salt and water balance, not directly related to cortisol production.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Oxytocin. The anterior pituitary gland produces several hormones, including adrenocorticotropic hormone (A), growth hormone (B), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (D). Oxytocin is actually produced by the posterior pituitary gland, not the anterior pituitary. Oxytocin is responsible for uterine contractions during childbirth and milk ejection during breastfeeding. Therefore, C is the correct answer as it is not produced by the anterior pituitary unlike the other hormones mentioned.