Kaplan and Sadocks Synopsis of Psychiatry 12th Edition Test Bank

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Pent-up emotions are emotions that are suppressed or not expressed. Step 2: Unexpressed feelings, especially from past traumatic events, can lead to emotional distress. Step 3: Long-term suppression can manifest as depression or other mental health disorders. Step 4: Therefore, choice A is the most appropriate response as it highlights the potential negative consequences of unexpressed emotions. Summary: - Choice B assumes the father has processed his grief, which may not be the case. - Choice C oversimplifies the complexity of emotional expression and may not address the root issue. - Choice D jumps to an extreme outcome without considering the range of possible consequences.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Teach the person about risks for alcoholism and suggest other coping strategies. This intervention is the most therapeutic because it addresses the underlying issue of using alcohol as a coping mechanism for loneliness and grief. By educating the person about the risks of alcoholism, the nurse can help the individual understand the potential harm of their current coping strategy. Additionally, suggesting alternative coping strategies can provide healthier ways to deal with loneliness and grief, ultimately promoting better overall well-being. Choice A is incorrect because while assessing drinking and driving is important, it does not directly address the underlying emotional reasons for the alcohol use. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on the risks of injury rather than addressing the emotional aspects of the person's drinking behavior. Choice D is incorrect as it jumps to a specific intervention without first addressing the person's understanding of their alcohol use and providing alternative coping strategies.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because haloperidol is a dopamine receptor antagonist. By blocking dopamine receptors, it reduces the activity of dopamine in the brain, which helps in reducing disturbed thought processes. Option A is incorrect as dopamine craving is not related to the mechanism of action of haloperidol. Option B is incorrect as enhancing dopamine receptors would increase dopamine activity, opposite to the intended effect of haloperidol. Option C is incorrect as increasing cellular production of dopamine would also increase dopamine activity, contradicting the purpose of using haloperidol.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the inability to concentrate for extended periods is a key characteristic of ADHD. This behavior aligns with the inattention aspect of the disorder. Choice A is incorrect as separation anxiety does not directly relate to ADHD. Choice B could indicate oppositional behavior rather than ADHD. Choice C suggests sensory-seeking behavior, which is not a defining feature of ADHD.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Implementation. In the nursing process, implementation involves putting the plan of care into action. Encouraging the patient to attend a psychoeducational group daily is an action that is carried out as part of the plan to build social skills. This step focuses on executing interventions to achieve the desired outcomes. In contrast, assessment (A) involves collecting data, analysis (C) involves interpreting data, and evaluation (D) involves determining the effectiveness of interventions. Therefore, the correct placement for recording this item is in the implementation phase.