Adult Health Nursing First Chapter Quizlet

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: T cell exhaustion is a state of T cell dysfunction that arises during chronic viral infections or cancer. In the case of a chronic viral infection, the persistent exposure to viral antigens leads to continuous stimulation of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells. Over time, this sustained stimulation can lead to T cell exhaustion, characterized by the upregulation of inhibitory receptors, impaired effector functions, and reduced proliferative capacity. As a result, despite the elevated levels of CD8+ T cells in the blood, their function may be compromised, ultimately impacting the immune response against the viral infection. In contrast, activation-induced cell death (AICD) may contribute to T cell loss during chronic infections but would not explain the persistently elevated CD8+ T cell levels. Thymic involution refers to the age-related decline in thymus function, which is not directly related to the observed increase in CD8+ T cells. Antigenic

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Periodontitis is the dental condition characterized by inflammation of the gingival tissues surrounding the teeth. It is typically caused by poor oral hygiene practices, leading to plaque buildup and eventually gum disease. If left untreated, periodontitis can cause serious damage to the gum tissue and the underlying bones supporting the teeth, which can eventually result in tooth loss. Regular dental check-ups, proper oral hygiene habits, and professional cleanings are important for preventing and managing periodontitis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Digitalis therapy, commonly prescribed for heart conditions, is known for its narrow therapeutic range and potential for toxicity. In the case of Patient Lily, who has been on digitalis therapy since she was pregnant, the nurse would anticipate the continuation of the same dosage to maintain the therapeutic effects and reduce the risks of toxicity. It is essential to monitor the patient's digitalis levels regularly and adjust the dosage if necessary based on the patient's response and any changes in their clinical status. Switching to a more potent drug, changing the medication, or adding a diuretic would not be appropriate without further assessment and consultation with the healthcare provider managing Lily's digitalis therapy.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Knowing the prevalence of diseases provides information on the magnitude of health problems within a community. Prevalence refers to the proportion of individuals in a population who have a particular disease or condition at a specific point in time. By understanding the prevalence rates of different diseases, healthcare providers can better assess the extent of health issues affecting the community. This information is crucial for prioritizing resources and interventions to address the most pressing health concerns effectively. Additionally, prevalence data can guide public health efforts in developing targeted prevention strategies and allocating resources appropriately to improve community health outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Patients like Emmy who have experienced delayed hypersensitivity to latex typically present with symptoms such as rhinitis (runny or stuffy nose) and conjunctivitis (inflammation of the eyes). In addition, delayed hypersensitivity reactions often involve skin manifestations, such as blisters. These symptoms are reflective of the inflammatory response triggered by exposure to latex in individuals with delayed hypersensitivity. Symptoms like flushing, bronchospasm, urticaria, laryngeal edema, papules, vesicles, and pruritus are more commonly associated with immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions rather than delayed hypersensitivity reactions in latex-sensitive individuals.