Adult Health Nursing First Chapter Quizlet

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The presentation of a small, painless, well-defined nodule on the lateral aspect of the neck, above the clavicle, along with the cytology showing clusters of polygonal cells with abundant granular cytoplasm is most indicative of a parathyroid adenoma. Parathyroid adenomas are benign tumors derived from the parathyroid gland that can produce excess parathyroid hormone (PTH), leading to hyperparathyroidism. The characteristic histology of parathyroid adenomas includes chief cells with abundant granular cytoplasm.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Nurse Gay should use abbreviations that are part of an approved standard list by the hospital. Using standardized abbreviations ensures clarity, accuracy, and consistency in documentation. It helps in preventing misinterpretation, errors, and ambiguity in patient records. By following an approved list of abbreviations, healthcare professionals can communicate effectively and efficiently while maintaining patient safety and quality of care.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When administering Rilutek (riluzole), the medication should be taken with food. This is because taking Rilutek with food helps to reduce the likelihood of experiencing stomach upset as a side effect. Administering the medication on an empty stomach may increase the risk of gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, vomiting, or stomach pain. Therefore, it is recommended to administer Rilutek with food to ensure better tolerability for the patient.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland. In this condition, lymphocytic infiltration and germinal centers can be seen in the thyroid tissue. This inflammation can lead to the formation of thyroid nodules and enlargement of the thyroid gland, causing symptoms such as difficulty swallowing and breathing due to compression of surrounding structures. Additionally, Hashimoto's thyroiditis can result in hypothyroidism over time, further contributing to the symptoms. Therefore, the patient in this case is most likely experiencing these symptoms due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Graves' disease, on the other hand, typically presents with hyperthyroidism and is less likely to manifest as compressive symptoms of the thyroid gland.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Patients prescribed proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) should be instructed to take the medication 30 minutes before meals. This is because PPIs work best when taken on an empty stomach, allowing them to inhibit the gastric proton pump effectively and reduce acid production in anticipation of food intake. Taking the medication before meals ensures optimal absorption and effectiveness in controlling symptoms of GERD.