ATI RN
foundations of nursing practice questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is ready to be discharged home after a cataract extraction with intraocular lens implant and the nurse is reviewing signs and symptoms that need to be reported to the ophthalmologist immediately. Which of the patients statements best demonstrates an adequate understanding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I need to call the doctor if I see flashing lights." This is because seeing flashing lights after cataract extraction with intraocular lens implant can be a sign of a serious complication like retinal detachment. Prompt reporting is crucial to prevent vision loss. Choice A is incorrect because nausea is not typically a sign of a complication related to cataract surgery. Choice B is also incorrect as a light morning discharge is normal post-surgery unless it's excessive or associated with pain or visual changes. Choice C is incorrect as a scratchy feeling is common after surgery and usually resolves on its own.
Question 2 of 5
A public health nurse has formed an interdisciplinary team that is developing an educational program entitled Cancer: The Risks and What You Can Do About Them. Participants will receive information, but the major focus will be screening for relevant cancers. This program is an example of what type of health promotion activity?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Secondary prevention. This program focuses on screening for relevant cancers, which is a key component of secondary prevention aimed at early detection and treatment to reduce the impact of the disease. Secondary prevention aims to identify and treat health conditions in their early stages. Disease prophylaxis (A) focuses on preventing the occurrence of a disease, while risk reduction (B) aims to lower the chances of developing a disease. Tertiary prevention (D) involves managing and improving outcomes for individuals already diagnosed with a disease. In this scenario, the emphasis on screening aligns closely with the goals of secondary prevention, making it the most appropriate choice.
Question 3 of 5
A new mother who is breastfeeding calls the clinic to speak to a nurse. The patient is complaining of pain in her left breast and describes her breast as feeling doughy. The nurse tells her to come into the clinic and be checked. The patient is diagnosed with acute mastitis and placed on antibiotics. What comfort measure should the nurse recommend?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Perform gentle massage to stimulate neutrophil migration. Gentle massage helps to promote drainage of the infected area by stimulating neutrophil migration, which aids in fighting the infection. This can help alleviate the pain and discomfort associated with acute mastitis. Cold compresses (choice A) may provide some relief, but they do not address the underlying issue of promoting neutrophil migration. Avoiding washing the breasts (choice C) is not recommended as maintaining good hygiene is important in preventing further infections. Avoiding wearing a bra (choice B) may not directly address the infection and may not be practical for the patient's daily activities.
Question 4 of 5
A patient taking magnesium sulfate has a respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute. In addition to discontinuing the medication, which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer calcium gluconate. Magnesium sulfate can cause respiratory depression, leading to a low respiratory rate. Calcium gluconate is the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity, as it antagonizes the effects of magnesium on the neuromuscular junction. Administering calcium gluconate helps reverse the respiratory depression caused by magnesium sulfate. Increasing IV fluids (Choice A) is not directly related to treating respiratory depression. Vigorously stimulating the patient (Choice C) can exacerbate respiratory depression. Instructing the patient to take deep breaths (Choice D) may not be effective in addressing the underlying cause of respiratory depression due to magnesium sulfate toxicity.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a health class about the nutritional requirements throughout the life span. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because infants typically triple their birth weight by 1 year of age due to rapid growth and development. This information is crucial for understanding normal growth patterns in infants. Choice B is incorrect as picky eating behavior is common in toddlers but not a universal characteristic. Choice C is incorrect as school-age children can consume hot dogs and grapes safely as long as they are cut into appropriate sizes to prevent choking hazards. Choice D is incorrect as breastfeeding women actually need an additional 450-500 kcal/day, not 750 kcal/day.
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