Contemporary Ethical Issues in Nursing

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: biologic. Smallpox is a viral disease caused by the variola virus, making it a biological agent. The virus spreads from person to person through respiratory droplets or contact with infected bodily fluids. The term CBRNE encompasses various types of agents used in terrorism incidents. In this case, the incident involving smallpox falls under the biologic category due to its viral nature, as opposed to chemical (A), radiologic (C), or nuclear (D) agents. Chemical agents involve toxic substances, radiologic agents involve radiation, and nuclear agents involve nuclear materials. In summary, the smallpox incident is categorized as biologic due to the nature of the variola virus.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pharmacologic pain management. This is the most important content area to focus on for the NCLEX-RN exam because pain management is a critical aspect of nursing care. Nurses must understand different types of pain, medications used for pain management, side effects, and assessment techniques. Pharmacologic pain management directly impacts patient comfort and quality of care. Rationale: 1. Pain management is a fundamental aspect of nursing care. 2. Pharmacologic pain management knowledge is crucial for safe and effective patient care. 3. NCLEX commonly tests on pharmacological interventions and their implications. 4. Understanding pain management aligns with nursing scope of practice and ethical responsibilities. Other Choices: A: Stages of grief - While important in nursing, this topic is not as high-priority for the NCLEX-RN exam. C: Practices to promote rest and sleep - Important, but not as directly related to pharmacological interventions. D: Prioritization of workload to manage time effectively - Relevant

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: randomization. Randomization helps ensure improved generalizability by reducing bias and increasing the likelihood that the sample is representative of the population. In this scenario, choosing every third person from an alphabetical list introduces a systematic bias and may not represent the entire population accurately. Triangulation involves using multiple methods or data sources to validate findings, which is not applicable here. Informed consent is a necessary ethical consideration but does not directly impact generalizability. A meta-analysis approach involves combining and analyzing data from multiple studies, which is not relevant to the sampling method in this scenario. Thus, randomization is the best choice to improve generalizability in this study.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the nurse is at risk for HIPAA violations by sharing patient information on social media. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) protects patients' privacy and prohibits healthcare providers from disclosing their health information without consent. In this scenario, the nurse shared specific details about the patient's health condition, visit to the ED, and financial situation, which could easily identify the patient. This violates the patient's right to privacy and confidentiality. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the focus should be on the HIPAA violation rather than empathy, policy following, or logical fallacies. The nurse should have found alternative ways to help the patient without compromising their privacy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: bloodborne disease. Health care workers are at risk for exposure to bloodborne pathogens such as HIV and hepatitis B and C. Prevention strategies include proper use of personal protective equipment and adherence to infection control protocols. Bloodborne diseases can have serious consequences on the health and well-being of healthcare workers, leading to mortality and morbidity if not properly prevented. Explanation for incorrect choices: A: Suicide - While mental health is an important concern, it is not specifically related to mortality among healthcare workers. B: Violence related injury - While workplace violence is a concern, it may not be the leading cause of mortality among healthcare workers. D: Ergonomic hazards - While important for preventing injuries, it may not directly relate to mortality among healthcare workers compared to bloodborne diseases.