A non-pharmacological measure of pain relief in labour includes- Skildor

Question 1 of 5

A non-pharmacological measure of pain relief in labour includes

A. Entonox B. Cyclothane C. Homeopathy D. Diamorphine

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Homeopathy. Homeopathy involves using highly diluted substances to stimulate the body's natural healing processes. In labor, homeopathy can help manage pain and support relaxation. Entonox (A) and Diamorphine (D) are pharmacological measures, while Cyclothane (B) is not a recognized pain relief option in labor. Homeopathy aligns with non-pharmacological approaches, making it the most suitable choice for pain relief in labor.

Question 2 of 5

Wernicke�s encephalopathy and Mallory-Weiss syndrome are among the complications of

A. Placenta praevia B. Hypertensive disorders C. Vitamin B deficiency D. Hyperemesis gravidarum

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why D is correct: 1. Hyperemesis gravidarum is severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. 2. Prolonged vomiting can lead to electrolyte imbalances and nutritional deficiencies. 3. Vitamin B deficiency, specifically thiamine, can result in Wernicke�s encephalopathy. 4. Mallory-Weiss syndrome can occur due to repeated retching and vomiting. 5. Therefore, hyperemesis gravidarum can lead to both Wernicke�s encephalopathy and Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Summary: A: Placenta praevia is related to abnormal placental placement, not vomiting. B: Hypertensive disorders are associated with high blood pressure, not vomiting-related complications. C: Vitamin B deficiency can lead to Wernicke�s encephalopathy but is not directly caused by hyperemesis gravidarum.

Question 3 of 5

Clinical diagnosis of polyhydramnios is based on an excessive amount of amniotic fluid exceeding

A. 1500 ml B. 2500 ml C. 1900 ml D. 3000 ml

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 3000 ml. Polyhydramnios is diagnosed when the amniotic fluid volume exceeds 2000 to 3000 ml. This is because amniotic fluid serves important functions in protecting the fetus and aiding in fetal movements. Having an excessively high volume can lead to complications such as preterm labor, fetal malpresentation, and placental abruption. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not fall within the range typically used to diagnose polyhydramnios. A: 1500 ml and C: 1900 ml are below the threshold, while B: 2500 ml is at the lower end but still not exceeding the diagnostic range for polyhydramnios.

Question 4 of 5

T. G. is a 48-year-old female who presents with biliary colic. She has had previous episodes but has resisted operation because she is afraid of anesthesia. Today her physical exam reveals a clearly distressed middle-aged female with right upper quadrant pain, nausea, and vomiting. Which of the following findings suggests a complication that requires a surgical evaluation?

A. A temperature of 101.5°F B. A leukocyte count of 18,000/µL C. A palpable gallbladder D. A positive Murphy’s sign

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: A temperature of 101.5�F. A fever indicates an inflammatory response, which could be due to a complication like cholecystitis or cholangitis. Elevated leukocyte count (choice B) supports infection but is not as specific as a fever. Palpable gallbladder (choice C) may suggest inflammation but not necessarily a complication. A positive Murphy's sign (choice D) is indicative of gallbladder inflammation but does not directly indicate a complication requiring surgical evaluation.

Question 5 of 5

Specific management of moderate pre-eclampsia involves

A. Admission at first contact B. Managing as an outpatient case C. Admission in the intensive care unit D. Encouraging plenty of oral fluids

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B (Managing as an outpatient case) Rationale: 1. Moderate pre-eclampsia indicates stable condition. 2. Outpatient management allows close monitoring without hospitalization. 3. Early intervention can prevent progression to severe pre-eclampsia. 4. Hospital admission is reserved for severe cases or complications (not moderate). 5. Encouraging fluids is important, but not the specific management for pre-eclampsia.

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Midwifery Exam Questions and Answers PDF

Skildor

ATI RN