Contemporary Issues in Nursing

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Controlling. Controlling involves monitoring performance, comparing it to objectives, and taking corrective actions. In this scenario, the manager is reviewing unexpected expenditures and quality indicators to ensure they align with goals and standards. Directing focuses on guiding and motivating employees. Planning involves setting goals and determining actions to achieve them. Organizing involves arranging resources and tasks.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the primary goal for a new graduate nurse in their first job is to successfully complete the orientation process. This is crucial for transitioning from the academic setting to the professional nursing environment. Completing orientation ensures that the nurse is equipped with the necessary knowledge and skills to provide safe and effective patient care. Choice B is incorrect because scheduling interviews immediately after graduation may not allow the nurse enough time to prepare adequately for the interview process. Choice C is incorrect because while self-confidence is important, relying solely on past achievements of peers may not be a sustainable source of confidence in a new work environment. Choice D is incorrect because while work history and letters of recommendation can be valuable, they may not necessarily be the primary focus during the initial stages of a new nurse's career.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: educator. The nurse is providing information and teaching patients about preventing diabetic neuropathies, which aligns with the role of an educator. Educators focus on imparting knowledge and empowering individuals to make informed decisions about their health. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Change agents initiate and lead changes within an organization, not directly related to patient education. C: Managers oversee daily operations and resources within a healthcare setting, not specifically focused on patient education. D: Coordinators facilitate communication and collaboration among healthcare team members, but not primarily responsible for patient education.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: control group. In this study design, Group 3 serves as the control group to compare the effects of music therapy and life review therapy on memory. The control group does not receive any intervention, allowing researchers to isolate the impact of the therapies. This helps determine if any observed improvements in memory are due to the therapies and not other factors. A pilot study (A) is a small-scale preliminary investigation, not a comparison group. A survey (B) is a data collection method, not a comparison group. A needs assessment (C) is used to determine needs, not a comparison group. Thus, the control group is essential in research to establish causal relationships.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Participatory. The nurse manager involves staff in the budgeting process by allowing input through tuition reimbursement and flexible work hours. This approach promotes engagement and collaboration, aligning with the organization's strategic goal of increasing BSN staff. Participatory budgeting is characterized by involving stakeholders in decision-making, leading to buy-in and better implementation of the budget. Summary of other choices: A: Iterative - Involves repeating steps to refine the budget, not necessarily focused on stakeholder participation. B: Top-down - Decision-making comes from upper management without much input from lower levels. D: Zero-based - Requires justifying every expense from scratch, not necessarily involving staff input in decision-making.