Ethics and Issues in Contemporary Nursing PDF

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: red herring. In this scenario, the male nurse deflects the issue of improper sharps disposal by accusing the team leader of having ulterior motives related to gender discrimination. This is a classic example of a red herring, where the nurse introduces an irrelevant topic to divert attention from the original issue. The nurse's response does not address the concern raised about sharps disposal but instead shifts the focus to an unrelated accusation. The other choices are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the communication technique used in the scenario. A straw man involves misrepresenting an opponent's argument to make it easier to attack, slippery slope is a form of logical fallacy, and confusing cause and effect refers to a mistaken understanding of the relationship between two events.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (C): The correct answer is C because individuals covered under Medicaid, especially those living in poverty, often face barriers to timely healthcare access. Due to financial constraints and lack of awareness, this mother may delay seeking care, leading to a more advanced stage of breast cancer. This delay can result in the need for hospitalization for a mastectomy, which could have been avoided with early detection and treatment. Medicaid coverage does not necessarily guarantee prompt healthcare access, especially for preventive services like mammography. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: This choice is incorrect because individuals covered by Medicaid, especially those facing financial hardships, may have limited access to preventive services like mammography due to various barriers. B: Having designated primary care and a specialist does not necessarily ensure timely care access, especially for individuals living in poverty and covered under Medicaid. D: This choice is incorrect as individuals covered by Medicaid generally have better access to healthcare services compared to the uninsured population, although they may still face barriers to

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Evaluation. In this scenario, the nurse researcher is determining the significance of findings, which falls under the evaluation phase of scientific inquiry. Evaluation involves assessing the results and determining their importance and relevance. It is crucial in determining the validity and impact of the research findings. A: Hypothesis - While formulating a hypothesis is an important step in the scientific method, it is not directly related to determining the significance of findings. B: Method - Refers to the procedures used to conduct the research study, not specifically related to evaluating the significance of findings. C: Data collection - Involves the process of gathering data, not directly related to determining the level of significance of findings.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: by licensure and by endorsement. When a nurse holds a license in one state and wishes to practice in another state not participating in a compact agreement, they can typically obtain licensure in the second state through endorsement, which allows them to practice without retaking the licensure examination. This process involves the second state recognizing the nurse's credentials from the original state and granting them a license upon payment of a fee. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because: B: Mandatory continuing education is a requirement for maintaining licensure but not typically for obtaining initial licensure in a new state. C: Being "grandfathered" usually refers to exempting individuals from new requirements based on previous qualifications, which is not applicable in this scenario. D: Sunset legislation refers to laws that automatically expire unless reauthorized, which is not relevant to the process of obtaining licensure in a new state.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Mary Seacole's efforts to care for soldiers during the Crimean War. Mary Seacole was a Jamaican nurse who provided medical care to soldiers during the Crimean War. Her contributions highlighted the important role that black individuals played in nursing. This event marked the first significant recognition of the contributions of blacks to the nursing profession. Explanation of why other choices are incorrect: A: Florence Nightingale's acceptance of black nurses into the first nursing school - While Florence Nightingale is known as a pioneer of modern nursing, her acceptance of black nurses into nursing schools did not specifically lead to the recognition of the contribution of blacks to nursing. B: The contributions of black nurses at the Pennsylvania Hospital, the first hospital in America - While black nurses may have made contributions at Pennsylvania Hospital, this event did not lead to the initial recognition of the contribution of blacks to nursing. D: The work done by wives of wealthy black nobles who carried food and medicine from