foundations of nursing test bank

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because providing realistic emotional preparation for death is a priority in caring for a patient with a terminal illness like leukemia. This helps the patient and their loved ones cope with the impending loss and make the most of the time left. Option A focuses solely on prolonging life, which may not align with the patient's wishes. Option B, providing financial advice, is important but not the top priority in this situation. Option D, maximizing family social interactions after the patient's death, is not immediate and does not address the patient's emotional needs.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it shows an understanding that being HIV-positive does not guarantee transmission to the baby. The statement acknowledges the possibility of the baby not being affected, which demonstrates awareness of the varying outcomes. Choice A is incorrect as it assumes abortion is the only option. Choice C is incorrect as it makes an extreme and inaccurate claim. Choice D is incorrect as pregnancy does not decrease the chance of developing AIDS.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Diabetes. Erectile dysfunction can be caused by organic factors, such as diabetes, which affects blood flow and nerve function. Diabetes can lead to damage of blood vessels and nerves, impacting the ability to achieve and maintain an erection. Testosterone deficiency (choice B) can also contribute to erectile dysfunction, but it is not an organic cause. Anxiety (choice C) and depression (choice D) are psychological factors that can lead to erectile dysfunction, not organic causes. Parkinsonism (choice E) can affect sexual function, but it is not a common organic cause of erectile dysfunction.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Teach the patient how to self-cath the pouch. In a continent urinary reservoir, patients need to catheterize the pouch several times a day. This is essential for emptying the urine from the pouch as the ileocecal valve creates a one-way valve. Teaching the patient how to self-catheterize ensures proper and timely drainage, preventing complications like urinary retention. Self-catheterization also empowers the patient to take an active role in managing their continence. Summary of other choices: B: Kegel exercises are ineffective for a patient with a continent urinary reservoir as they do not address the need for catheterization. C: Changing the collection pouch is not the primary action needed for a continent urinary reservoir. Catheterization is essential for drainage. D: The Valsalva technique is not appropriate for voiding in a continent urinary reservoir. Catheterization is the recommended method for emptying the pouch.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. The nurse should arrange for a referral to a rehabilitation facility for vision training. This option directly addresses the patient's inability to read medication bottles accurately due to a vision problem. Vision training can help improve the patient's ability to manage medication independently. A: Asking the social worker to investigate alternative housing arrangements is not relevant to the patient's vision problem affecting medication management. B: Asking the social worker to investigate community support agencies may not directly address the patient's vision issue and medication management. C: Encouraging the patient to explore surgical corrections for the vision problem is not appropriate without considering less invasive options first, such as vision training.