foundations of nursing practice questions

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hearing loss may occur with a decibel level in this range. Prolonged exposure to sound levels between 80-90 dB can lead to hearing damage over time. This range is considered high and can cause irreversible damage to the hair cells in the inner ear, leading to hearing loss. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because hearing can be affected at this decibel level, the sound can be harsh to the ear, and earplugs can help reduce the risk of hearing damage at these levels.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Hearing-impaired patient is likely unable to hear during an MRI due to loud noises. 2. Nurse needs to use alternative communication methods like writing or gestures. 3. Sign language interpreter may not be necessary for an MRI. 4. Lip reading may be challenging due to the noisy MRI environment. 5. Interaction should be adapted to accommodate the patient's communication needs.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Addressing possible barriers to adherence. This is crucial because adherence to the antiretroviral drug regimen is key for successful therapy in HIV patients. By identifying and addressing barriers such as medication side effects, cost, or forgetfulness, nurses can help patients stay on track with their treatment. Other choices are incorrect: A: Promoting complementary therapies is not the priority in initiating antiretroviral therapy. Adherence to the prescribed regimen is more critical. C: Educating about the pathophysiology of HIV is important, but it may not directly impact the success of the therapy as much as addressing adherence barriers. D: While follow-up blood work is necessary, it is not as immediate and impactful as addressing adherence barriers at the beginning of therapy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Acute pain related to misplaced endometrial tissue. This nursing diagnosis should be prioritized because endometriosis commonly presents with severe pelvic pain. Managing pain is crucial for the patient's comfort and quality of life. Anxiety (choice A) is not the priority as pain management takes precedence. Ineffective tissue perfusion (choice C) is not a priority unless the patient is actively hemorrhaging. Excess fluid volume (choice D) is not typically associated with endometriosis. Prioritizing pain management will address the immediate and most distressing symptom for the patient.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Women over age 40. Annual clinical breast examinations are recommended for this population group because they have an increased risk of developing breast cancer compared to younger age groups. Regular screenings starting at age 40 can help in early detection and improve survival rates. A: Women over age 21 - This age group is generally recommended to start clinical breast examinations every 1-3 years, not necessarily annually. B: Women over age 25 - While it's important to be vigilant about breast health, the risk of breast cancer increases with age, making annual exams more crucial for older women. D: All post-pubescent females with a family history of breast cancer - While family history is a risk factor, the recommendation for annual clinical breast examinations typically begins at age 40, regardless of family history.