Ethics and Issues in Contemporary Nursing

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: grants nursing licensure. The board of nursing is responsible for overseeing the licensure process for nurses, ensuring that they meet the necessary qualifications to practice. They review applications, conduct background checks, and issue licenses to qualified individuals. This is a fundamental duty of the board of nursing, as it regulates the nursing profession and ensures public safety. Explanation for why other choices are incorrect: B: Constructs the licensure examination - While the board of nursing may have input in the development of the licensure examination, their primary role is not the construction of the exam itself. C: Assigns disciplinary action when the nurse acts in a manner that results in harm to a patient - While the board of nursing does have the authority to investigate and take disciplinary action against nurses who violate the nursing practice act, this is not their primary function. D: Members are appointed - This choice is irrelevant to the duties performed by the board of nursing and does not directly relate to their responsibilities in granting

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Electronic messaging. In today's fast-paced world, electronic messaging, such as emails, text messages, and social media, is the most commonly used means of societal communication due to its immediacy, convenience, and widespread accessibility. It allows people to communicate quickly across long distances and reach a large audience efficiently. Facial expressions (A) are important but limited in reach. Spoken word (B) is also crucial but less prevalent in today's digital age. Written messages (C) are still used but electronic messaging has largely replaced traditional written communication for its speed and efficiency.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Magnet therapy. Magnet therapy is contraindicated in pregnancy due to the risk of unknown effects on the fetus. Magnets may interfere with the body's natural magnetic fields, potentially causing harm to the developing baby. Aromatherapy (B), imagery (C), and therapeutic touch (D) are generally considered safe during pregnancy when performed by trained professionals and with appropriate precautions. Aromatherapy uses essential oils, imagery involves mental visualization techniques, and therapeutic touch uses energy-based techniques that do not pose significant risks to the pregnant woman or the fetus.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: length of hospital stay. DRGs aim to reduce healthcare costs by incentivizing hospitals to provide efficient care and discharge patients sooner. Shortening the length of hospital stay helps decrease overall healthcare expenses without compromising the quality of care. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because DRGs focus on the duration of hospitalization, not necessarily on hospital admission rates, outpatient services, or specialty groups. Shortening hospital stays is a more direct way to control costs within the inpatient setting.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because Medicare is a federal health insurance program that primarily covers individuals aged 65 and older, those with end-stage renal disease, and individuals with permanent disabilities. This answer aligns with the original intent and purpose of Medicare as established by the Social Security Act amendment. Explanation: 1. Medicare was established to provide health insurance for specific groups, including individuals aged 65 and older, those with end-stage renal disease, and individuals with permanent disabilities. 2. The program was not designed to lead to hospital closings or decrease nursing care, as stated in choice A. 3. Choice B is incorrect because Medicare does not specifically target younger adults or children with catastrophic illnesses. 4. Choice C is incorrect because while Medicare may cover preventive care for certain populations, its primary focus is on providing insurance for specific age groups and individuals with specific health conditions.