Nursing Process Questions and Answers PDF

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Oral antidiabetic agents target insulin resistance, common in type 2 diabetes. 2. Type 1 diabetes lacks insulin production, making oral agents ineffective. 3. Choice A is incorrect as insulin cannot be taken orally. 4. Choice C is incorrect as oral agents are not indicated for type 2 diabetes. 5. Choice D is incorrect as pregnancy does not affect the type of diabetes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Step 1: Coughing is the primary way TB bacteria are spread. Step 2: By coughing into a handkerchief or tissue, the TB bacteria are contained. Step 3: Washing the handkerchief in hot water or discarding it prevents the bacteria from spreading. Step 4: This method reduces the risk of infecting family members. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Wearing gloves does not prevent airborne transmission of TB. B: Keeping windows closed can increase the concentration of bacteria in the air. D: Boiling water is not necessary to prevent TB transmission.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased gastrointestinal motility. This is the defining characteristic because it directly links the cause (pain medication administration) to the effect (constipation). The patient's lack of bowel movement, abdominal distention, and pain are all consequences of decreased gastrointestinal motility. Pain medication slows down the movement of the intestines, leading to constipation. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while they are related to the patient's condition, they are not the defining characteristic that connects the cause to the effect in this specific scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. The most appropriate outcome for the nurse to include in the plan of care is for the patient to have one soft, formed bowel movement by the end of the shift. This outcome directly addresses the nursing diagnosis of Constipation related to slowed gastrointestinal motility secondary to pain medications. By aiming for a soft, formed bowel movement, the nurse is working towards alleviating the constipation issue caused by the pain medications. This outcome is specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART), making it an appropriate goal for the patient's care plan. Choice B is incorrect because walking unassisted to the bathroom does not directly address the constipation issue. Choice C is incorrect as offering laxatives or stool softeners is a nursing intervention and not an outcome. Choice D is incorrect as withholding pain medications may not be in the best interest of the patient's overall care and does not directly target the constipation issue.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice A is correct: 1. Hypercalcemia can lead to dehydration due to increased urine output. 2. Encouraging 3 to 4 L of fluid daily helps prevent dehydration and promote renal excretion of excess calcium. 3. Adequate hydration reduces the risk of kidney stones and other complications associated with hypercalcemia. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: - Choice B (bed rest) does not directly address hypercalcemia complications. - Choice C (cough and deep breathe) is unrelated to managing hypercalcemia. - Choice D (apply heat to painful areas) does not address the underlying cause of hypercalcemia or its complications.