ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2023

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Nitroglycerin should be taken at the onset of chest pain, with one tablet taken every 5 minutes for up to three doses. This protocol helps to relieve angina symptoms effectively. If chest pain persists after taking three doses, emergency medical services should be contacted promptly for further evaluation and management.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The nurse should monitor the aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) when caring for a client receiving Heparin therapy. The aPTT reflects the intrinsic pathway of the clotting cascade and is used to monitor the effectiveness of heparin, which primarily affects this pathway by potentiating antithrombin III. Monitoring the aPTT helps ensure that the client's blood is within the therapeutic range to prevent thrombus formation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: St. John's wort should be avoided by clients taking Warfarin as it can reduce the medication's effectiveness. The nurse should also advise the client to avoid other supplements that may interact with Warfarin, such as garlic and ginseng.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is Acetaminophen (Choice C). Acetaminophen, especially in high doses, can increase the risk of bleeding in clients taking Warfarin. It can potentiate the anticoagulant effect of Warfarin, leading to an increased risk of bleeding. Nurses should monitor clients closely for signs of bleeding when these two medications are used together.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Hyponatremia is a critical adverse effect associated with hydrochlorothiazide use. This medication is a diuretic that can lead to excessive loss of sodium and water from the body, potentially causing low sodium levels and resulting in hyponatremia. Monitoring for signs and symptoms of hyponatremia, such as confusion, headache, weakness, and muscle cramps, is essential to prevent serious complications.