ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2023

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Hyponatremia is a critical adverse effect associated with hydrochlorothiazide use. This medication is a diuretic that can lead to excessive loss of sodium and water from the body, potentially causing low sodium levels and resulting in hyponatremia. Monitoring for signs and symptoms of hyponatremia, such as confusion, headache, weakness, and muscle cramps, is essential to prevent serious complications.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Erythromycin should be taken on an empty stomach with a full glass of water to increase absorption. Taking it with a full glass of milk (Choice A) is incorrect. Avoiding direct sunlight (Choice B) is not related to erythromycin use. Taking an antacid before the medication (Choice D) can interfere with its absorption.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Furosemide is a diuretic that commonly causes hyponatremia (low sodium levels) due to its effect on sodium and water excretion. The nurse must closely monitor the client for signs of hyponatremia, such as weakness, confusion, and muscle cramps, and promptly intervene to prevent complications.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct instruction for taking Colesevelam is to take it with food and at least one glass of water to ensure proper absorption and reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Atenolol is a beta-blocker that can cause bradycardia (slow heart rate). Monitoring the heart rate regularly is essential to detect any significant decreases promptly. This allows for timely intervention and adjustment of the medication regimen if needed, helping to prevent adverse effects associated with bradycardia.