ATI Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Option C is correct because berries, cherries, apples, and peaches are indeed low in potassium compared to other fruits. This response acknowledges the client's love for fruits while providing suitable alternatives to manage potassium levels. By choosing these low-potassium fruits, the client can continue enjoying fruits without exacerbating hyperkalemia. Incorrect options: A: Potatoes and avocados are high in potassium, so they are not suitable substitutes. B: Cooking fruit does not significantly reduce its potassium content. D: This option lacks guidance and does not offer a solution to the client's concern about high potassium levels.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Place a washcloth between the skin and tourniquet. This step helps protect the client's skin by providing a barrier between the tourniquet and the skin, reducing the risk of skin irritation or damage. Lowering the extremity below the heart (A) can increase venous pressure and make it harder to insert the catheter. Warm compresses (B) can dilate blood vessels and increase the risk of bruising. Tapping the skin lightly (C) can irritate the skin and is unnecessary for skin protection.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because intravenous D5W is a hypotonic solution that can lead to dilutional hyponatremia. D5W does not contain sodium, so it can cause a decrease in serum sodium levels. Clients on NPO status receiving D5W are at higher risk due to lack of sodium intake. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly contribute to hyponatremia. Sulfonamide antibiotics, ibuprofen, and digoxin are not typically associated with causing hyponatremia. Therefore, assessing the client on NPO status receiving D5W for potential hyponatremia is the priority.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, infection. The client's symptoms of abdominal pain and feeling warm are indicative of a potential infection, which is a common complication of intraperitoneal therapy. Step-by-step rationale: 1. Abdominal pain can be a sign of peritonitis, an infection of the peritoneal cavity. 2. Feeling warm may indicate a fever, a common symptom of infection. 3. Prompt assessment and treatment of infection are crucial to prevent complications. Summary of other choices: A, allergic reaction - unlikely given the symptoms described; B, bowel obstruction - does not align with the symptoms provided; C, catheter lumen occlusion - not typically associated with abdominal pain and feeling warm.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Extravasation of the medication. Extravasation occurs when the infused medication leaks into surrounding tissues, potentially causing tissue damage and necrosis. This is a serious concern with vesicant medications like daunorubicin. If left untreated, it can lead to severe complications. Choice B: Discomfort to the patient is incorrect because while discomfort may occur with infiltration, the main concern is the potential for tissue damage from extravasation. Choice C: Blanching at the site is incorrect as it is a common sign of infiltration, but the main concern is the possibility of extravasation and tissue damage. Choice D: Hypersensitivity reaction to the medication is incorrect as it is a different type of reaction that is not directly related to infiltration or extravasation.