ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023 Quizlet

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rheumatic fever can lead to cardiac complications, such as dysrhythmias. Therefore, it is essential for the nurse to monitor the child's heart rate closely for any signs of dysrhythmias. This will help in early identification and prompt management of potential cardiac issues associated with rheumatic fever.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The nurse should encourage the child to express his thoughts and feelings about the upcoming surgery. This approach helps the child feel heard and understood while providing an opportunity to address any misconceptions or fears. By asking the child what he thinks the doctor will do, the nurse engages the child in a conversation that can help alleviate anxiety and build trust. School-age children often have fears related to bodily harm, and open communication can help alleviate such concerns.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The signs and symptoms of dysuria and urgency in a child with daytime enuresis are indicative of a urinary tract infection. These symptoms, including urinary frequency and pain during urination, commonly point towards a UTI. Nephrotic syndrome typically presents with edema, proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperlipidemia. Acute glomerulonephritis is characterized by hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension, and oliguria. Vesicoureteral reflux may lead to recurrent UTIs but does not directly present with dysuria and urgency.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN), hypertension is a common finding due to fluid retention and decreased kidney function. This condition often presents with hypertension as a result of sodium and water retention, as well as reduced glomerular filtration rate.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: If diuresis has not occurred with corticosteroids in nephrotic syndrome, a diuretic like Furosemide (Lasix) is the appropriate choice to promote diuresis. Furosemide works by increasing urine production and reducing fluid retention. While Ibuprofen is an anti-inflammatory agent, it does not directly induce diuresis. Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic and is not indicated for promoting diuresis in this scenario. Cyclophosphamide is an immunosuppressant, not an antisuppressant, and is not typically used to induce diuresis in nephrotic syndrome.