ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023 Quizlet

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In a child with appendicitis and possible perforation, the nurse should expect bradycardia due to peritoneal irritation. Bradycardia is a common response to peritoneal inflammation or infection, indicating a possible serious complication. Hyperactive bowel sounds, abdominal distension, and hypoactive bowel sounds are more commonly associated with other gastrointestinal conditions and are less likely to be present in a child with appendicitis and perforation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In acute glomerulonephritis, the glomeruli become inflamed, leading to the leakage of red blood cells (hematuria) and proteins (proteinuria) into the urine. These are hallmark findings in this condition due to the damage to the glomerular filtration barrier. Bacteriuria, presence of bacteria in the urine, is not typically associated with acute glomerulonephritis unless there is a concurrent urinary tract infection. Specific gravity may be normal or decreased due to the loss of proteins in the urine, rather than increased. Therefore, the correct anticipated urinalysis result for a child with acute glomerulonephritis is hematuria and proteinuria.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing, aldosterone-blocking diuretic. As such, it can cause endocrine effects, such as gynecomastia, menstrual irregularities, impotence, hirsutism, and deepening of the voice. Patients taking spironolactone should avoid salt substitutes because they contain potassium; high-potassium foods should be avoided with this drug. Ideally, all diuretics should be taken in the morning to prevent nocturia.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In a child with appendicitis and possible perforation, the nurse should expect bradycardia due to peritoneal irritation. Bradycardia is a common response to peritoneal inflammation or infection, indicating a possible serious complication. Hyperactive bowel sounds, abdominal distension, and hypoactive bowel sounds are more commonly associated with other gastrointestinal conditions and are less likely to be present in a child with appendicitis and perforation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Correct administration of ear drops includes massaging the child's ear after administering the drops to facilitate proper absorption of the medication. This action helps ensure the effectiveness of the treatment.