ATI Nursing Care of Children

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Vesicular breath sounds are normally heard over most of the lung fields, except near the trachea and main bronchi, where bronchial or bronchovesicular sounds may be heard.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Vesicular breath sounds are normally heard over most of the lung fields, except near the trachea and main bronchi, where bronchial or bronchovesicular sounds may be heard.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Using a cotton swab, allowing the child to observe, and demonstrating on someone else are effective ways to encourage a preschooler to open their mouth for examination.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct response is A. Solid foods, especially iron-fortified cereals, are introduced to meet the infant's increased nutritional needs, including iron, which breast milk alone may not provide adequately. Choice B is incorrect because the extrusion reflex is related to the tongue-thrust reflex, not the nutritional needs of the infant. Choice C is incorrect as breastfeeding does not become painful when the infant gets more teeth, and it is not a reason for introducing solid foods. Choice D is incorrect as the infant's interest in trying new skills is not a primary reason for introducing solid foods at this age.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). RSV is the most common cause of bronchiolitis, especially in infants. Bronchiolitis is characterized by inflammation of the small airways in the lungs. Choice B, Haemophilus influenzae, is a bacterium that can cause respiratory infections but is not the primary cause of bronchiolitis. Choice C, Parainfluenza, is a common viral infection that can cause croup and other respiratory illnesses but is not the main cause of bronchiolitis. Choice D, Rotavirus, is a virus that primarily affects the gastrointestinal system, causing diarrhea and vomiting, and is not associated with bronchiolitis.