Nurse in Psychiatry Test Bank

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because chronic sorrow is a continuous feeling of grief or sadness that occurs when there is a discrepancy between the reality of a situation and the individual's expectations or hopes. In this case, the father of an adult son who is schizophrenic is likely to experience chronic sorrow due to the ongoing challenges and difficulties associated with his son's mental illness. This long-term impact on his emotional well-being aligns with the concept of chronic sorrow. Choices A, C, and D do not necessarily imply a long-term or continuous feeling of grief. The mother of a child with asthma may experience anxiety or distress during asthma attacks, but it may not necessarily lead to chronic sorrow. The daughter whose father had a hip replacement may experience temporary worry or concern but not chronic sorrow. The wife whose husband requested a trial separation may experience sadness and distress, but it is not a situation that inherently leads to chronic sorrow.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because Lewy body disease can affect a patient's ability to communicate pain, making specialized pain assessment tools crucial. Special scales designed for patients with dementia can help in accurately assessing pain levels. These tools consider non-verbal cues and behavioral changes that may indicate pain. Asking the patient's family (A) may not always provide an accurate assessment of pain perception. Using a visual analog scale (B) may be challenging for a patient with cognitive impairment. Focusing solely on mental status (D) may overlook important indicators of pain in patients with Lewy body disease.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Implementation. In the nursing process, implementation involves carrying out the plan of care. Encouraging the patient to attend a psychoeducational group daily is an action that is part of implementing the care plan to improve social skills. This step focuses on putting the plan into action and actively supporting the patient in achieving the desired outcomes. A: Assessment is incorrect because assessment involves collecting data and information about the patient's condition, not actively implementing interventions. C: Analysis is incorrect as it involves interpreting and making sense of the assessment data to identify problems and strengths, not implementing interventions. D: Evaluation is incorrect because it involves assessing the effectiveness of the interventions implemented, not actively carrying out the interventions themselves.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The priority nursing diagnosis for a catatonic patient is Risk for deficient fluid volume (C) because catatonic patients are at risk for dehydration due to decreased fluid intake or inability to meet fluid needs. This diagnosis takes precedence over others as dehydration can lead to serious complications. Ineffective coping (A) may be secondary to the catatonic state but addressing fluid volume is more urgent. Impaired physical mobility (B) and Impaired social interaction (D) are important but not as critical as addressing the risk of dehydration in a catatonic patient.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice D is correct: 1. Maslow's hierarchy of needs places self-esteem as a fundamental psychological need. 2. Patient hygiene and dress contribute to self-esteem by promoting a sense of dignity and self-worth. 3. Attending to hygiene and dress before spousal visits shows respect for the patient's self-esteem. 4. This strategy directly addresses the self-esteem needs of elderly patients by enhancing their sense of self-worth and respect. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: A: Providing privacy for spouses does not directly address the patient's self-esteem needs. B: Arranging dining with spouses may enhance social needs but not directly address self-esteem. C: Including patients and spouses in educational sessions may promote social interaction but does not directly target self-esteem needs.