geriatric nursing practice questions

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because facing the patient rather than the interpreter promotes direct communication and builds trust. This approach allows for better non-verbal communication cues to be exchanged between the nurse and the patient. Conversely, choice A is incorrect as interpreters are vital for accurate communication even if the nurse speaks the same language. Choice B is incorrect because using technical terms or metaphors may confuse the interpreter and patient. Choice C is incorrect as using family members as interpreters can compromise confidentiality and accuracy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Conducting regular reviews allows nurses to assess the necessity and appropriateness of each medication, addressing potential drug interactions, duplications, and side effects in elderly patients. Step 2: This proactive approach helps prevent polypharmacy-related complications and ensures optimal medication management. Step 3: Ensuring medications are taken exactly as directed (A) may not address the root cause of polypharmacy. Recommending over-the-counter medications (C) without proper evaluation can worsen the issue. Administering medications only during hospital stays (D) is not a comprehensive solution outside of the hospital setting.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Conduct interviews for specific interests. This intervention allows the nurse to tailor activities to the individual preferences of the older women, promoting engagement and a sense of autonomy. By conducting interviews, the nurse can identify each person's unique interests and preferences, ensuring that the activities planned are meaningful and enjoyable for them. This personalized approach enhances the overall well-being of the residents. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not focus on individual interests and preferences. While baking cookies, arranging pet visits, and attending library events can be enjoyable activities for some individuals, they may not be suitable or engaging for all residents in the specified age group and setting. These options lack the personalization and customization that conducting interviews for specific interests provides, making them less effective in meeting the diverse needs and preferences of the older women in the assisted-living facility.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Biomedical. Biomedical health belief system focuses on treating diseases and conditions by repairing or replacing specific body parts through medical interventions such as surgeries, medications, and therapies. This approach is based on scientific evidence and aims to address the physical aspects of health. Incorrect choices: A: Holistic - Holistic health belief system emphasizes treating the whole person, including physical, emotional, and spiritual aspects, rather than focusing solely on repairing specific body parts. C: Personalistic - Personalistic health belief system attributes illnesses to external factors such as curses or supernatural forces, rather than treating specific body parts. D: Magicoreligious - Magicoreligious health belief system relies on magical or religious rituals to heal illnesses, rather than repairing body parts through medical interventions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because a decrease in alveolar elasticity is not a physical change that directly leads to an increasing incidence of hypertension in the older adult. Arterial stiffening and loss of elasticity (choice A) can lead to increased blood pressure. Changes in renal regulation of sodium and water (choice B) can impact fluid balance and blood pressure. Increasing body weight (choice D) can contribute to hypertension through increased strain on the cardiovascular system. Therefore, a decrease in alveolar elasticity is not directly related to hypertension in the same way as the other choices.