Adult Health Nursing Study Guide Answers

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Cor pulmonale is a condition characterized by right heart failure secondary to pulmonary hypertension, which is often caused by chronic hypoxemia. Chronic hypoxemia occurs in conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) where there is limited airflow in and out of the lungs, leading to low oxygen levels in the blood. However, the specific characteristic of pulmonary hypertension leading to right heart failure distinguishes cor pulmonale from COPD. Other conditions like idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and pulmonary embolism (PE) may also lead to hypoxemia but are not primarily associated with pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure as in cor pulmonale.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Consistent limit setting is an effective nursing intervention for managing impulsive and aggressive behaviors in individuals with conduct disorder. By establishing clear and consistent boundaries, rules, and consequences, individuals with conduct disorder can learn self-control and appropriate behavior. Consistent limit setting provides structure and predictability, helping to reduce impulsive and aggressive reactions in these individuals. It also teaches them accountability for their actions and reinforces appropriate behavior. Additionally, setting limits helps to establish a sense of safety and security for both the individual and those around them. Therefore, consistent limit setting is a crucial intervention to help manage impulsive and aggressive behaviors associated with conduct disorder.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In collecting a sputum specimen, the nurse should instruct Roy to breathe slowly, cough, and then expectorate into the specimen container. This ensures that the sputum sample is collected from the lower respiratory tract where it is most likely to contain pathogens or other relevant substances for analysis. By instructing Roy to breathe slowly, it helps him to take deep breaths and effectively cough to produce a good sputum sample. Additionally, asking him to expectorate directly into the specimen container helps prevent contamination from saliva or other sources, ensuring the accuracy of the specimen collected for testing.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: An assumption is a belief or statement that is accepted as true without proof. In this case, the statement suggests a belief that the length of service does not affect the degree of patient safety practices among staff nurses, without providing evidence or data to support this claim. It is an assumption about the relationship between two variables without a proper basis or evidence to back it up, making it an example of an assumption.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Scabies is caused by an infestation of the microscopic mite Sarcoptes scabiei. This parasitic mite burrows into the upper layer of the skin, where it lays eggs and causes intense itching and skin irritation. The transmission of scabies usually occurs through close and prolonged skin-to-skin contact with an infested person. Unlike viruses, bacteria, and fungi, which are microorganisms that can also cause skin infections, scabies specifically refers to an infestation by a parasitic mite.