Foundations and Adult Health Nursing Study Guide Answers

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Providing oral rehydration with electrolyte solutions is the appropriate action for managing a conscious patient with suspected heat cramps. Heat cramps are muscle pains or spasms that often occur during intense exercise in hot environments when a person sweats excessively, losing both fluids and electrolytes. Replenishing lost fluids and electrolytes through oral rehydration helps address the underlying cause of the cramps and provides relief to the patient. Massaging the affected muscles vigorously can potentially worsen the condition, applying cold packs is not usually recommended for heat-related conditions, and encouraging the patient to continue strenuous activity can lead to further complications.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The nurse should ask the mother information related to their daughter's menarche. Menarche refers to the first occurrence of menstruation in a girl, which is an important milestone in her development. By inquiring about the daughter's menarche, the nurse can gather essential information about the daughter's reproductive health, growth, and development. This allows the nurse to assess whether the daughter's menstrual cycle is regular and if there are any concerns related to her reproductive health. Understanding the daughter's menarche history is vital in providing appropriate healthcare and support for her.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The esophagus is responsible for propelling food from the oral cavity to the stomach through a series of coordinated muscular contractions. These contractions are known as peristalsis. The esophagus is a muscular tube connecting the throat (pharynx) to the stomach and plays a crucial role in moving food bolus from the mouth to the stomach for digestion. The tongue helps in the chewing and swallowing of food, the pharynx is involved in the passage of food and air, and the epiglottis helps prevent food from entering the airways during swallowing. However, it is the esophagus that actively moves the food to the stomach.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Beta-adrenergic agonists stimulate beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart, leading to an increase in heart rate (tachycardia). This is a common adverse effect associated with the use of beta-adrenergic agonists in the management of conditions such as asthma. Monitoring for tachycardia is important because it can potentially lead to other complications such as palpitations, arrhythmias, and exacerbation of underlying cardiovascular conditions. It is essential for the nurse to closely monitor the patient for any signs or symptoms of tachycardia and report any abnormalities to the healthcare provider promptly to ensure appropriate management and prevent further complications.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Nursing diagnosis is the tool used by nurses in the community setting for assessing health needs and problems of families that is similar to the family coping index. Nursing diagnosis involves systematic assessment of a patient's health status, analysis of data, and identification of actual or potential health problems. Just like the family coping index, nursing diagnosis helps nurses to identify key issues and develop a plan of care that addresses the specific needs and challenges faced by the family. This process allows nurses to provide individualized care that supports the family in coping with their health needs and improving their overall well-being.