Foundations and Adult Health Nursing Study Guide Answers

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Providing oral rehydration with electrolyte solutions is the appropriate action for managing a conscious patient with suspected heat cramps. Heat cramps are muscle pains or spasms that often occur during intense exercise in hot environments when a person sweats excessively, losing both fluids and electrolytes. Replenishing lost fluids and electrolytes through oral rehydration helps address the underlying cause of the cramps and provides relief to the patient. Massaging the affected muscles vigorously can potentially worsen the condition, applying cold packs is not usually recommended for heat-related conditions, and encouraging the patient to continue strenuous activity can lead to further complications.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The scenario described in the question is most indicative of endometriosis. Endometriosis is a gynecological condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside of the uterus. Classic symptoms of endometriosis include cyclic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea (painful periods), and infertility. The presence of a "chocolate cyst" (also known as an endometrioma) within the ovary on pelvic ultrasound is a characteristic finding in endometriosis. These cysts are filled with old blood, giving them a dark, chocolate-like appearance on imaging. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) typically presents with irregular periods, signs of hyperandrogenism, and multiple small follicles on ultrasound. Ovarian torsion and ovarian cyst rupture would present with acute-onset symptoms and may not necessarily be associated with cyclic pelvic pain and dysmenorrhea as described in the

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the universal health law, the government agencies that are considered as "key players" in its implementation are the Department of Health (DOH), Local Government Units (LGUs), and the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth).

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The cardiovascular disorder most likely responsible for the symptoms described is a pericardial effusion. A pericardial effusion is an accumulation of fluid within the pericardial space surrounding the heart. When a large pericardial effusion is present, it can lead to compression of the heart chambers, resulting in symptoms such as chest pain and dyspnea.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Providing education on techniques to enhance milk production and supply should be prioritized to address the client's concerns about milk supply and meeting the baby's nutritional needs. By educating the client on proper breastfeeding techniques, frequent nursing sessions, skin-to-skin contact, and the importance of staying hydrated, the nurse can help promote successful breastfeeding and potentially increase milk production. Supplemental formula feedings are not the first line of intervention, as breastfeeding should be encouraged, especially for a preterm infant who may benefit significantly from breast milk. Encouraging the client to avoid breastfeeding until the infant reaches full term is not appropriate, as breastfeeding can still be beneficial for a preterm infant. Referring the client to a dietitian for specialized nutritional support may be beneficial, but addressing milk supply concerns through education should be prioritized initially to support breastfeeding success.