Pharmacology and the Nursing Process Test Bank

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hearing loss, vertigo, and tinnitus. Meniere's disease is characterized by a triad of symptoms: recurrent episodes of vertigo, sensorineural hearing loss, and tinnitus. Vertigo is a spinning sensation, hearing loss affects the inner ear, and tinnitus is ringing in the ear. Nausea, vomiting, pain, nystagmus, or headache are not typically part of the classic triad of Meniere's disease symptoms. Therefore, option A is the most appropriate choice based on the specific symptomatology associated with Meniere's disease.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because using a PICOT question involves formulating a research question to guide evidence-based practice. B indicates the nurse is implementing interventions based on scientific research, aligning with the PICOT framework (Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Timeframe). This approach ensures that care decisions are supported by the best available evidence, leading to improved patient outcomes. Choice A is incorrect because practicing nursing based on court evidence does not align with the PICOT framework. Choice C is incorrect as using standardized care plans for all patients may not consider individual patient needs and preferences as required in a PICOT question. Choice D is incorrect as planning care based on tradition does not involve integrating current research evidence as in the PICOT approach.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Inform the physician. This is essential because a sudden change in vital signs may indicate a critical condition that requires immediate medical attention. The physician needs to be informed promptly to assess the situation and provide appropriate interventions. Summary: - B: Changing environmental settings is not a priority when dealing with sudden changes in vital signs. - C: Altering diet intake is not an immediate response to sudden changes in vital signs. - D: Decreasing physical activity may not address the underlying cause of the sudden change in vital signs.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it demonstrates an understanding of the key factors in managing hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS), which include avoiding dehydration and being aware of changes in urination, thirst, and hunger. This statement shows awareness of the importance of maintaining hydration and recognizing early signs of worsening symptoms. Choice B is incorrect as consuming sugary soda can exacerbate the condition by further increasing blood sugar levels. Choice C is incorrect because while monitoring blood glucose levels is important, it is not the primary method of preventing HHNS. Choice D is incorrect because consuming high-carbohydrate snacks can contribute to elevated blood glucose levels, which is counterproductive in managing HHNS.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because educating the client about the disease process and its limitations is crucial in managing Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). By understanding the disease, the client can make informed decisions regarding their lifestyle, activities, and self-care. This empowers the client to manage symptoms effectively and prevent exacerbations. Choice A is not the most important factor as simply avoiding aggravating the disease does not address the overall management of CFS. Choice B focuses solely on drug therapy, which is only one aspect of the client's management and may not provide significant improvement for all clients with CFS. Choice C, altering diet and environment, can be helpful but may not be the most important factor as understanding the disease process and limitations is essential for long-term management and quality of life.