Nursing Process Questions and Answers PDF

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: D is correct because cleanliness helps prevent infections. Washing hands and keeping breasts clean reduces the risk of mastitis and abscesses. A is incorrect because alternating breasts is a common practice in breastfeeding. B is incorrect as frequent nursing helps maintain milk supply and prevent engorgement, reducing the risk of mastitis. C is incorrect as breastfeeding itself is not a cause of mastitis or abscess; stopping abruptly can lead to further complications like engorgement.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the inability to move the affected leg post lumbar microdiskectomy could indicate a serious complication like nerve damage or blood clot. This would require immediate medical attention to prevent further complications. Incisional pain (A) is common and can be managed with pain medication. A two-inch area of bleeding on the dressing (C) is concerning but can be managed with proper wound care unless it is excessive. Muscle spasm (D) is also common postoperatively and can be managed with medications or physical therapy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B (High fat diet) Rationale: 1. Ketogenic diet for seizures aims to produce ketones for brain energy, achieved through high fat intake. 2. High fat intake helps induce ketosis, which may help reduce seizures in some children. Incorrect Choices: A: High carbohydrate diet - Contradicts the purpose of a ketogenic diet. C: High protein diet - Excessive protein can hinder ketosis and is not the primary focus of a ketogenic diet. D: Low fat diet - Opposite of the high fat requirement for a ketogenic diet to induce ketosis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Patient expectations. During a nursing health history, it is essential for the nurse to address the patient's expectations to understand their needs, preferences, and goals for their health care. By focusing on the patient's expectations, the nurse can establish a therapeutic relationship, provide patient-centered care, and tailor the care plan accordingly. A: Nurse's concerns - Incorrect. The nursing health history should prioritize the patient's perspective and needs over the nurse's concerns. C: Current treatment orders - Incorrect. While important, this component focuses on the medical treatment plan rather than the patient's expectations. D: Nurse's goals for the patient - Incorrect. The nurse should collaborate with the patient to set goals that align with the patient's needs and preferences, not impose their own goals.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased serum sodium level. In SIADH, there is an excessive release of ADH, causing water retention and dilution of sodium in the blood. This leads to hyponatremia. B: Increased blood urea nitrogen and C: Decreased serum creatinine level are not typically associated with SIADH. D: Increased hematocrit is not a typical finding in SIADH, as it is more related to dehydration. Therefore, the most anticipated laboratory test result in a client with SIADH is a decreased serum sodium level due to dilutional hyponatremia.