hesi health assessment test bank

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: A high-fat meal. After gastric resection, high-fat meals are likely to cause rapid gastric emptying due to the delayed gastric emptying effect of fats. Fats take longer to digest compared to other nutrients, leading to slower emptying of the stomach contents. This can result in rapid emptying of the stomach post-resection. A: A high-protein meal does not necessarily cause rapid gastric emptying as proteins are digested at a moderate pace. B: A large meal regardless of nutrient content may lead to slower gastric emptying due to the increased volume. C: A high-carbohydrate meal can promote quicker gastric emptying, but it is not as likely to cause rapid emptying as high-fat meals post-gastric resection.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because assessing capillary refill indicates adequate blood flow, warm toes suggest good circulation, and no discomfort indicates proper alignment and fit of the cast. Choice B is incorrect as posterior tibial pulses are not directly related to cast assessment. Choice C is incorrect as moist skin and pain threshold are not specific to cast assessment. Choice D is incorrect as discomfort of the metacarpals is not a comprehensive assessment of a cast.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: perimenopause. Perimenopause is the transitional phase leading to menopause, characterized by irregular menstrual cycles. Climacteric refers to the period of reproductive senescence, not just irregular menses. Menopause is the cessation of menstruation for 12 consecutive months. Postmenopause is the period after menopause, not characterized by irregular menses. Assessing for symptoms of perimenopause in a woman with irregular menses over the past six months is important to understand the hormonal changes and potential menopausal symptoms she may be experiencing.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer oxygen. After a craniotomy, the client may experience decreased oxygen levels due to the surgical procedure, anesthesia, or potential complications. Administering oxygen helps ensure adequate oxygenation to the brain and tissues. Placing the client in a supine or Trendelenburg position can increase intracranial pressure, which is contraindicated post-craniotomy. Monitoring for arrhythmias is important, but ensuring oxygenation takes precedence as hypoxia can have immediate detrimental effects on brain function.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Correct Answer: C Rationale: 1. Preventing infiltration of calcium is crucial to avoid tissue necrosis and sloughing. 2. Infiltration of calcium can lead to severe tissue damage and potential harm to the patient. 3. Monitoring for signs of infiltration during administration of electrolyte solutions is essential. 4. Administering calcium-containing solutions cautiously can prevent serious complications. 5. Ensuring proper placement of the IV line and monitoring for any signs of infiltration is key. Summary: A: Infusing hypertonic solutions rapidly can lead to adverse effects, such as fluid overload. B: Limiting potassium to 80 mEq per liter is important, but not directly related to preventing calcium infiltration. D: Reevaluating digitalis dosage is important in clients receiving electrolyte solutions but not directly related to preventing calcium infiltration.