Adult Health Nursing Answer Key

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The diagnostic test that could be useful in confirming the diagnosis of Dengue Fever is the ELISA test. ELISA stands for Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. This test detects the presence of dengue virus-specific antibodies (IgM and IgG) in the blood of an individual suspected to have dengue fever. Elevated levels of these antibodies indicate a recent or ongoing dengue virus infection. ELISA is a standard and reliable test used in diagnosing dengue fever, along with clinical symptoms and other laboratory tests.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to avoid sharing items used by the infected person in order to prevent the spread of Scabies infestation to other residents in the community. Scabies is a highly contagious skin infestation caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite, and it can easily spread through direct skin-to-skin contact or by sharing personal items such as clothing, towels, and bedding. By advising the family to avoid sharing items used by the infected person, Nurse Emma is helping to prevent the transmission of the mites to others in the community. Boiling utensils, taking excessive baths, or wearing masks and shields are not necessary preventive measures for scabies infestation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the early stages of multiple myeloma (MM), abnormal values are often seen in the levels of immunoglobulins. This is due to the abnormal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow, leading to overproduction of monoclonal immunoglobulins (M proteins). These abnormal immunoglobulins can be detected in blood tests and are a key diagnostic feature of MM. Changes in red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are not typically early indicators of multiple myeloma.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed to improve respiratory mechanics is the most appropriate intervention for managing paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea in a patient with end-stage heart failure. By keeping the head of the bed elevated, gravity helps reduce the pooling of fluid in the lungs, making it easier for the patient to breathe and reducing dyspnea. This strategy can help improve oxygenation and decrease the sensation of breathlessness, providing relief for the patient. Administering diuretic medications (Option A) can also be beneficial to reduce fluid overload, although positioning remains a key intervention. Encouraging the patient to sleep in a reclined position (Option C) can help alleviate symptoms, but specifically elevating the head of the bed is a more targeted approach. Referring the patient to a sleep specialist (Option D) may not be necessary at this time, as the primary concern is managing the acute symptom of paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The client should be assisted to lie in bed on the unaffected side for a thoracentesis procedure. This position allows for better access to the pleural space for the insertion of a needle to aspirate the fluid or air. Gravity helps to separate the fluid or air, making it closer to the chest wall for easier removal. Additionally, this position reduces the risk of injury to the lung or other structures, as the needle is directed away from these vital structures. Lying on the unaffected side also helps in preventing potential complications and ensures the safety and effectiveness of the procedure.