Nutrition ATI Proctored Exam

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Beta cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas are responsible for the production and secretion of insulin, which is crucial for regulating blood glucose levels. Alpha cells, on the other hand, produce glucagon, a hormone that raises blood glucose levels. Gamma cells and Delta cells do not exist in the islets of Langerhans; therefore, they are incorrect choices.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin D. Vitamin D is synthesized in the skin when it is exposed to sunlight. This process allows the body to produce Vitamin D naturally. Vitamin A (Choice A) is found in foods like liver and carrots and is not primarily obtained from sunlight. Vitamin C (Choice B) is commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Vitamin E (Choice D) is present in foods like nuts and seeds and is not primarily obtained from sunlight.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Eggs are a safe food choice for individuals with celiac disease as they are naturally gluten-free. Scalloped potatoes often contain flour in the sauce, which might contain gluten. Oatmeal can be a subject of debate due to possible cross-contamination during processing, so it might not be safe unless labeled gluten-free. Tortillas are typically made from wheat flour containing gluten, but gluten-free versions are available. However, eggs are universally gluten-free, making them the best choice for individuals with celiac disease.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Glucose is the primary sugar used by the body for energy and is converted from other sugars during metabolism. Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose, not the end product of sugar metabolism. Fructose is a simple sugar found in fruits but needs to be converted to glucose for cellular energy. Maltose is a disaccharide composed of two glucose units and is not the final product of sugar metabolism in humans.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Option A is correct because lipoproteins indeed transport lipids in the blood. They are complexes of lipids and proteins that transport water-insoluble lipids through the blood. Option B is correct as it accurately describes the condition of type II diabetes where the pancreas can produce insulin, but the cells are resistant to its signal, causing an ineffective regulation of blood sugar. Option C is also correct because the glycemic index is indeed a classification system for foods based on their potential to raise blood glucose levels. High glycemic index foods raise blood glucose levels faster than low glycemic index foods. Hence, all the statements are correct, making option D the correct answer.