microbiology an introduction 12th edition test bank

Questions 80

ATI RN

ATI RN Test Bank

microbiology an introduction 12th edition test bank Questions

Question 1 of 5

Which bacteria are responsible for causing pneumonia?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D (All of the above) because different bacteria can cause pneumonia. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia. Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis, which can lead to pneumonia. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common cause of hospital-acquired pneumonia. Therefore, all three bacteria can be responsible for causing pneumonia in different contexts. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because each bacterium individually can cause pneumonia, so selecting only one option would not cover the full spectrum of bacterial causes of pneumonia.

Question 2 of 5

A patient with suspicion on epidemic typhus was admitted to the hospital. Some arachnids and insects have been found in his flat. Which of them may be a carrier of the pathogen of epidemic typhus?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lice. Lice, specifically body lice (Pediculus humanus corporis), are known carriers of the pathogen Rickettsia prowazekii, which causes epidemic typhus. Body lice are commonly found in unsanitary conditions and can transmit the bacteria through their bites. Spiders (choice B), bed-bugs (choice C), and cockroaches (choice D) are not known vectors of epidemic typhus. Spiders are predators that do not transmit diseases to humans, while bed-bugs and cockroaches are associated with other health issues but not epidemic typhus transmission.

Question 3 of 5

Which of these is not a factor counteracting the mechanisms of the immune system:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hyaluronidase synthesis. Hyaluronidase is an enzyme produced by some pathogens to break down hyaluronic acid in the extracellular matrix, aiding their spread. This action does not directly counteract the immune system's mechanisms. Antigenic heterogeneity and mimicry can evade immune recognition. IgA proteases degrade IgA antibodies, impairing mucosal immunity. Therefore, D is the only choice not directly involved in counteracting the immune system.

Question 4 of 5

Which bacteria are capable of producing spores that can survive extreme environmental conditions?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C (Both A and B) because both Clostridium botulinum and Bacillus anthracis are capable of producing spores. Spores are highly resistant structures that allow bacteria to survive harsh environmental conditions. Clostridium botulinum and Bacillus anthracis produce spores as a survival mechanism when conditions become unfavorable. Choice A (Clostridium botulinum) is incorrect because it only represents one of the bacteria capable of producing spores. Choice B (Bacillus anthracis) is also incorrect as it alone does not encompass all bacteria capable of producing spores. Choice D (None of the above) is incorrect as both bacteria mentioned can produce spores.

Question 5 of 5

The generation time of Escherichia Coli is:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 20 minutes. Escherichia coli has a short generation time, typically around 20 minutes. This means that under ideal conditions, one bacterium can divide and produce two daughter cells every 20 minutes. This rapid growth rate is a characteristic of E. coli and is important in various fields such as microbiology and biotechnology. Choice B (60 minutes) and Choice C (20 hours) are incorrect as they do not align with the typical generation time of E. coli. Choice D (24 hours) is also incorrect as it is too long for the generation time of E. coli.

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