Ethics & Issues in Contemporary Nursing

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Continuity of care is enhanced with longer shifts because nurses have more time to build relationships with patients and understand their needs. Step 2: Working consecutive days per week reduces handoffs, which can lead to errors and miscommunications. Step 3: 12-hour shifts allow nurses to have more days off, reducing burnout and fatigue. Summary: Choice B is incorrect as part-time nurses may not provide consistent care. Choice C is incorrect as staff satisfaction doesn't always translate to patient satisfaction. Choice D is incorrect as the work environment can impact the quality of care provided by nurses.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: time-out. A time-out is a crucial pre-operative safety practice where the surgical team pauses to verify the patient's identity, procedure, and surgical site to prevent errors. This step ensures everyone is on the same page and reduces the risk of wrong-site surgeries. Explanation: 1. Identify patient and operative site: By verifying the patient's identity and the correct surgical site, the team prevents potential mistakes. 2. Address questions or concerns: Encouraging team members to voice any uncertainties or issues promotes open communication and collaboration. 3. Safety measure: The time-out is a key component of the World Health Organization's Surgical Safety Checklist to enhance patient safety. Summary: B: A critical pathway is a predetermined sequence of steps in patient care, not specific to surgical safety. C: Special cause variation refers to statistical process control, unrelated to surgical safety. D: Lean methodology focuses on efficiency and waste reduction in processes, not directly related to pre-operative safety checks like a time

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because as a patient approaches death, the focus of palliative care shifts towards providing comfort and symptom management to improve their quality of life. Identifying and addressing the patient's comfort needs becomes crucial in ensuring a peaceful and dignified end-of-life experience. A: While discussing spiritual needs can be important, the primary focus shifts towards physical comfort in the final stages of life. B: Educating the patient about physical changes is important, but it may not be the priority as the focus shifts towards comfort care. C: Advance care planning is essential but may have already been addressed before the patient reaches the impending death stage.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. An associate degree in nursing (ADN) is a 2-year program, making it suitable for someone with less than 1 year to pursue education. 2. ADN programs focus on the functional aspects of patient care, aligning with the person's interest. 3. Working in a long-term care facility typically does not require a BSN or MSN. 4. LPN programs are shorter but have a different scope of practice than what the person desires.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: alumni that graduated from the same school and work in the area. Networking with alumni who graduated from the same school and work in the area is the best way to know the culture of the potential employer because they can provide insider insights based on their own experiences. Alumni are likely to offer honest and firsthand information about the work environment, company culture, and career growth opportunities. They can also provide valuable advice on how to navigate the hiring process and make an informed decision. Networking with executives at a competing agency (choice A) may not provide accurate information about the potential employer's culture. Nurses currently working in the agency (choice C) may not have a comprehensive view of the overall culture. Friends or people who have been patients at the agency (choice D) are unlikely to provide relevant insights into the work culture.