ATI Nursing Care of Children

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Diminished breath sounds in an infant are an abnormal finding and warrant further investigation to rule out conditions like atelectasis or pneumonia.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lack of surfactant. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants is primarily due to a lack of surfactant, which is crucial for keeping the lungs inflated. Without adequate surfactant, the alveoli collapse, leading to breathing difficulties. Choice A, Excessive surfactant, is incorrect as RDS is caused by an insufficient amount of surfactant. Choice C, Immature immune system, and Choice D, Lack of body fat, are not directly related to the development of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A vesicle is an elevated, circumscribed lesion filled with serous fluid, typically less than 1 cm in diameter.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, the principle of conservation. Piaget's principle of conservation relates to a child's ability to understand that certain properties of objects remain unchanged despite modifications in their appearance. In this case, the child's understanding that an arm will look the same after the IV is removed demonstrates conservation of appearance. Choice B, transductive reasoning, involves making faulty generalizations based on specific instances and does not apply in this context. Choice C, the principle of identity, pertains to recognizing objects as the same even if they undergo transformations, which is not directly relevant to the scenario. Choice D, reflex abilities, refers to automatic responses to stimuli and is unrelated to the child's understanding of the arm's appearance post-IV removal.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Increased screen time is associated with unhealthy habits, such as poor sleep and snacking, which contribute to obesity, but it does not necessarily improve nutrition knowledge.