ATI RN
RN Nursing Care of Children Online Practice 2019 A Questions
Question 1 of 5
What type of shock is characterized by a hypersensitivity reaction causing massive vasodilation and capillary leaks, which may occur with drug or latex allergy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Anaphylactic shock is a severe allergic reaction that causes massive vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, leading to rapid fluid shifts and circulatory collapse if not treated promptly. Neurogenic, cardiogenic, and hypovolemic shocks have different etiologies.
Question 2 of 5
What clinical manifestation(s) should the nurse expect to see as shock progresses in a child and becomes decompensated shock?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: As shock progresses and decompensation occurs, confusion and somnolence are indicative of reduced cerebral perfusion. Early signs include thirst and irritability, while confusion and altered consciousness appear as the condition worsens.
Question 3 of 5
What type of dehydration occurs when the electrolyte deficit exceeds the water deficit?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypotonic dehydration occurs when the loss of electrolytes exceeds the loss of water, leading to a decrease in plasma osmolarity. This often occurs when sodium loss is greater than water loss, as in diarrhea or vomiting.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is teaching parents guidelines for feeding their 8-month-old infant with failure to thrive (FTT). Which statement by the parents indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Providing 8 oz of juice daily is excessive for an 8-month-old infant and can displace other nutrient-rich foods or formulas that are necessary for growth, especially in an infant with FTT.
Question 5 of 5
Clinical manifestations of sodium excess (hypernatremia) include which signs or symptoms?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypernatremia often presents with dry, sticky mucous membranes due to dehydration. Hyperreflexia and abdominal cramps may also occur, but dry mucous membranes are more consistently observed in cases of sodium excess.
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