jarvis health assessment test bank

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Assessment. Assessment is the first step in the nursing process where data is collected through health history, physical examination, and interview. This step helps in identifying the patient's needs and health problems. Planning (A) comes after assessment and involves setting goals and creating a care plan. Diagnosis (B) is the step where nursing diagnoses are formulated based on the assessment data. Evaluation (C) is the final step where the effectiveness of the care plan is assessed. In summary, Assessment is the initial step focused on data collection, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer bronchodilators. When a client is experiencing respiratory distress, the priority intervention is to open up the airways to improve breathing. Bronchodilators help relax and widen the airways, making it easier for the client to breathe. This intervention addresses the immediate need for improved respiratory function. Administering corticosteroids (choices B and C) may be beneficial in some cases but is not the priority in acute respiratory distress. Monitoring respiratory rate (choice D) is important but does not directly address the underlying issue of airway constriction in respiratory distress.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pernicious anemia. This condition is characterized by a deficiency in vitamin B12, leading to neurological symptoms like tingling sensations in the feet (peripheral neuropathy) and glossitis, causing the tongue to become red and painful. Polycythemia (A) is an increase in red blood cell mass, not related to the symptoms described. Micronucleus anemia (C) is not a recognized medical condition. Iron-deficiency anemia (D) can lead to symptoms like fatigue and pallor, but not typically tingling sensations in the feet or glossitis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer albuterol. Albuterol is a bronchodilator that helps open airways, making it effective in treating respiratory distress. It works quickly to relieve symptoms such as shortness of breath and wheezing. Corticosteroids (B) may be used in conjunction with albuterol for severe cases, but albuterol is the immediate intervention. Providing pain relief (C) is not the primary intervention for respiratory distress. Nebulizers (D) are a delivery method for medications like albuterol, but the key intervention is administering the medication itself.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer antibiotics. In sepsis, timely administration of antibiotics is crucial to combat the underlying infection. Antibiotics target the bacteria causing the sepsis, helping to prevent further spread and worsening of the condition. Administering IV fluids (choice A) is important to maintain blood pressure, but antibiotics take precedence in treating the infection. Providing fluids (choice C) is also important but not the priority over antibiotics. Administering oxygen (choice D) may be necessary for respiratory support in severe cases of sepsis, but it does not address the root cause of the condition like antibiotics do.