hesi health assessment test bank

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Provide hydration. During chemotherapy, hydration is crucial to prevent dehydration and maintain kidney function. Chemotherapy drugs can be nephrotoxic and cause electrolyte imbalances. Hydration supports drug clearance and prevents kidney damage. Administering oxygen (B) is not typically a priority unless the client is experiencing respiratory distress. Administering pain medications (C) may be important but is not the priority over hydration. Monitoring for signs of infection (D) is important but providing hydration to prevent dehydration and maintain kidney function takes precedence.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because breast implants can hinder mammography by obscuring the view of breast tissue, making it difficult to detect abnormalities like masses. This is due to the implants blocking the x-ray machine's view. Choice A is incorrect as discomfort is not the primary reason for interference. Choice B is incorrect as breast implants are not a contraindication to mammography but can complicate the process. Choice C is incorrect as implants are designed to be secure and are not likely to be dislodged during a mammogram.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) can cause adrenal insufficiency. 2. Corticosteroids help prevent adrenal insufficiency in TPN patients. 3. Monitoring corticosteroid administration ensures adrenal function. 4. Monitoring blood glucose or serum glucose levels is important but not specific to TPN. 5. Dehydration can be monitored but is not directly related to TPN.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer antiepileptics. Administering antiepileptics is the priority nursing action for a client with a history of seizures to prevent seizure recurrence. Antiepileptics help control and manage seizure activity effectively. Monitoring vital signs (B) and placing the client in a lateral position (C) are important actions during a seizure but are not the priority over administering antiepileptics. Providing seizure precautions (D) is also important but does not directly address the immediate need of administering antiepileptics to prevent a seizure.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer epinephrine. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for severe allergic reactions as it acts quickly to reverse symptoms like airway swelling and low blood pressure. It helps to open airways and increase blood pressure. Antihistamines (B) are not as fast-acting as epinephrine in severe reactions. Applying a cold compress (C) is not effective in treating anaphylaxis. Placing the client in a supine position (D) can worsen breathing difficulties. Administering epinephrine is crucial in managing severe allergic reactions promptly and effectively.