ATI Nutrition Practice A

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When the body consumes more energy than it needs, the surplus is stored as fat, regardless of whether the energy source was proteins, fats, alcohol, or carbohydrates. This is why the correct answer is 'Fat'. Other choices are incorrect because, in excess intake situations, the body does not store surplus energy as proteins, carbohydrates, or alcohol.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Cholesterol is a precursor for the synthesis of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Adolescence is the most critical stage for building bone mass, which plays a significant role in preventing osteoporosis in later life. During adolescence, approximately 45% of adult bone mass is formed. Although bone mass can be built during infancy, early childhood, and young adulthood, it is not as significant as during adolescence, making choices A, B, and D incorrect. Therefore, focusing on adequate nutrition and physical activity during adolescence is vital for long-term bone health.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Smoking is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis. It significantly contributes to the buildup of plaque in the arteries and thereby increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. On the other hand, exercise is generally beneficial for cardiovascular health and is not a risk factor for atherosclerosis. Excessive sun exposure and insufficient vaccinations have no established links to atherosclerosis, making them incorrect options for this question.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Corticosteroids are most likely to cause unintentional weight gain. They influence the metabolism and fat distribution in the body, leading to weight gain. On the other hand, antiemetics are drugs that are used to prevent nausea and vomiting, and they do not typically cause weight gain. Sedatives, while they can cause drowsiness and may lead to less physical activity, are not directly associated with weight gain. Lastly, antibiotics are used to fight bacteria and while they can cause temporary digestive issues, they do not typically result in long-term weight gain.