Kaplan and Sadocks Synopsis of Psychiatry Test Bank

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: A neologism. A neologism is a made-up word or phrase that only has meaning to the individual. In this case, "frobitz" is not a known word in the English language, indicating a neologism. This suggests possible language or thought disorder. B: Loose associations involve disconnected or tangential thoughts. C: Delusional thinking involves fixed false beliefs. D: Circumstantial speech includes excessive, irrelevant detail before reaching the main point.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because evaluating patient behaviors to reward economic tokens appropriately is a key aspect of behavioral therapy. By assessing and reinforcing positive behaviors with rewards, nurses can encourage patients to continue working towards their therapy goals. Administering medications accurately (choice A) is important but not directly related to behavioral therapy goals. Interacting effectively with the health care team (choice B) is important for overall patient care but does not specifically address behavioral therapy. Being aware of therapeutic modalities (choice C) is important but does not directly contribute to implementing behavioral therapy goals like choice D does.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sometimes demonstrated. The rationale is that the patient is not consistently meeting the desired outcome of sleeping for a minimum of 5 hours nightly within 7 days. Although the patient is sleeping for an average of 4 hours nightly, the 2-hour afternoon nap indicates that the patient is not achieving the desired outcome consistently. Therefore, the nurse would document the outcome as "Sometimes demonstrated" to reflect that the patient is making progress towards the goal but has not fully achieved it. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the patient's sleep behavior does not align with being consistently, often, or never demonstrated based on the desired outcome criteria.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because acute grief typically involves conflicting and unresolved emotions and thoughts related to the loss. The nurse would assess for unresolved issues to provide appropriate support and interventions. Choice A is incorrect as severe depressive symptoms may indicate complicated grief, not typical acute grief. Choice C is incorrect as increased arousal and hypervigilance are more characteristic of post-traumatic stress disorder. Choice D is incorrect as preoccupation with the image of the deceased may be a common experience in grief but does not encompass the full range of emotions and conflicts that acute grief entails.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A: Gives your agent authority to make decisions during any illness if you are incapacitated. Rationale: 1. A durable power of attorney for health care allows you to appoint a trusted individual (agent) to make medical decisions on your behalf if you are unable to do so. 2. This authority is not limited to a specific type of illness or condition, ensuring your agent can make decisions for any illness that renders you incapacitated. 3. This flexibility ensures that your wishes are carried out regardless of the circumstances. Summary of Other Choices: B: Incorrect - A durable power of attorney can be given to any trusted individual, not just a relative. C: Incorrect - A durable power of attorney can be used in any situation where you are unable to make decisions, not just in terminal illness. D: Incorrect - A durable power of attorney can be implemented immediately upon signing, providing timely decision-making support.