test bank foundations of nursing

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hyperglycemia. The patient's symptoms like lethargy, thirst, headache, increased urination are indicative of high blood sugar levels. Lethargy is a common symptom of hyperglycemia due to the body's inability to use glucose effectively. Thirst and increased urination occur as the body tries to get rid of excess glucose through urine. Headache can result from dehydration due to increased urination. To address hyperglycemia, the nurse may need to adjust the patient's parenteral nutrition, monitor blood glucose levels, and potentially administer insulin. Incorrect choices: B: Hypoglycemia - Symptoms of hypoglycemia include sweating, confusion, and shakiness, which are not present in this case. C: Hypercapnia - This is high carbon dioxide levels in the blood, typically caused by respiratory issues, not related to the symptoms described. D: Hypocapnia - This is low carbon dioxide levels

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Mammograms use low-dose X-rays to create images of the breast tissue. Step 2: The radiation exposure in a mammogram is minimal and considered safe. Step 3: Choice A is correct as it states that mammograms do not use radiation, which is accurate. Step 4: Other choices are incorrect because B wrongly implies that annual mammograms are safe due to low radiation levels, C is incorrect as radiation effects can accumulate over time, and D is incorrect as the amount of radiation in a mammogram is much lower than an hour of sunlight.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Current medication regimen. In the admission assessment of a patient with AIDS, it is crucial to assess the patient's current medication regimen to ensure proper management of the condition. This includes antiretroviral therapy, prophylactic medications, and any other medications the patient may be taking to manage comorbidities. Understanding the medications the patient is currently taking allows the nurse to assess for potential drug interactions, side effects, and adherence to the treatment plan. This information is essential for providing safe and effective care for the patient. Choice B: Identification of patients support system is important but not a specific component of the comprehensive assessment for a patient with AIDS. Choice C: Immune system function is a relevant aspect in a patient with AIDS, but it is not typically assessed in the admission assessment as it requires specialized testing. Choice D: Genetic risk factors for HIV are not typically assessed in the admission assessment of a patient with AIDS as the focus is on the current condition and management

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Audiometry. Postoperative audiometry is the most appropriate assessment to determine the success of ossiculoplasty, as it evaluates the patient's hearing function and any improvements made by the surgery. Otoscopy (A) is a visual examination of the ear canal and may not provide comprehensive information on hearing. Balance testing (C) assesses equilibrium and is not directly related to the success of ossiculoplasty. Culture and sensitivity testing (D) of ear discharge is used to identify infections and would not directly indicate the success of the surgery.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Erythema of nipple/areola in one breast can be a sign of Paget's disease, a rare form of breast cancer. 2. Paget's disease may also present with itching, tingling, or a burning sensation in the affected area. 3. Referring the patient promptly is crucial for early detection and appropriate management. 4. Peau d'orange (A) is a sign of advanced breast cancer, not typically presenting with erythema alone. 5. Nipple inversion (B) may be benign or related to other conditions, not typically presenting with erythema. 6. Acute mastitis (D) presents with breast pain, warmth, swelling, and fever, but not typically with isolated erythema of the nipple/areola.