ATI Nursing Care of Children

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Preschoolers may engage in magical thinking and believe inanimate objects are alive, so the nurse should explain the equipment in a way that reduces fear.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Undetected strabismus can lead to amblyopia, where the brain favors one eye over the other, potentially resulting in permanent vision loss in the affected eye.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'The condition is incompatible with life.' Anencephaly is the most serious neural tube defect where both hemispheres of the brain are absent. It is incompatible with life, as there are no medical or surgical treatment options available. While some infants with mature brain stem function can maintain vital functions for a short period, anencephaly is ultimately not survivable. Choice A is incorrect as there are no treatment options for anencephaly. Choice B is incorrect as immediate surgery is not necessary for this condition. Choice D is incorrect as an infant with anencephaly will not have permanent disabilities since the condition is not compatible with life.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Using a cotton swab, allowing the child to observe, and demonstrating on someone else are effective ways to encourage a preschooler to open their mouth for examination.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Pure tone audiometry is an appropriate and effective screening test for hearing in a 5-year-old child, helping to assess the ability to hear various frequencies and volumes.