Nursing Care of Children ATI

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rotavirus is the most common cause of diarrhea in young children, particularly those under the age of 2. Giardia, Shigella, and Salmonella can also cause diarrhea, but in the context of young children, Rotavirus is the primary pathogen responsible for diarrheal illnesses.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommend that pregnant adolescents and women without protection against pertussis should receive the Tdap vaccine ideally between 27 and 36 weeks of gestation or postpartum before discharge from the hospital. This timeframe allows for the development of antibodies in the mother to protect her and provide passive immunity to the infant. Administering the vaccine during the first trimester (Choice D) is not recommended as the optimal time is between 27 and 36 weeks. Choice B, during the first prenatal visit, is too early for optimal protection, and Choice C, 24 hours prior to delivery, does not provide enough time for the vaccine to be effective before birth.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: By 10 weeks, infants typically turn their heads to the side to locate the source of a sound made at ear level.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The second dose of the hepatitis A vaccine is recommended 6 months after the first dose to ensure full immunity.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends limiting fruit juice intake to no more than 4 oz per day for infants, as excessive juice can contribute to poor nutrition and dental issues.