foundations of nursing test bank

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, balancing calories. This is because the ChooseMyPlate program emphasizes the importance of maintaining a balance between the calories consumed and calories expended for overall health and weight management. By balancing calories, individuals can ensure they are meeting their nutritional needs without overeating or consuming excess calories. A: Balancing sodium and potassium is important for managing blood pressure, but this is not a specific guideline of the ChooseMyPlate program. B: Decreasing water consumption is not a guideline of the ChooseMyPlate program. Adequate hydration is essential for overall health. C: Increasing portion size is not recommended in the ChooseMyPlate program. It emphasizes portion control and eating appropriate serving sizes of different food groups.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it directly addresses the patient's ethnohistory by asking about the differences in their life here compared to back home. This question helps the nurse understand the patient's cultural background, beliefs, and practices. Option A focuses solely on language, which is not sufficient to understand ethnohistory. Option C inquires about caregivers during sickness, which is important but does not specifically relate to ethnohistory. Option D compares treatment approaches, which is relevant but doesn't explore the broader cultural context as effectively as option B.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Immunotherapy injections can cause allergic reactions. Step 2: Monitoring post-injection is crucial to detect and manage any potential adverse reactions promptly. Step 3: Staying in the clinic for 30 minutes allows for immediate intervention if needed. Step 4: This ensures patient safety and reduces the risk of severe reactions. Summary: A: Epinephrine is not typically given before immunotherapy injections. C: Therapeutic response may take longer than 3 months to show. D: Immunotherapy is usually given via subcutaneous route, not intravenous.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Liver function tests (LFTs). Yellow skin can indicate jaundice, a sign of liver dysfunction, often seen in patients with liver issues or chemotherapy-related liver toxicity. LFTs including bilirubin, ALT, AST, and ALP can help assess liver function. B: Complete blood count (CBC) and C: Platelet count are not directly related to yellow skin and would not provide information on liver function. D: Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine are tests for kidney function, not liver function. While kidney dysfunction can sometimes cause yellow skin, LFTs are more specific for assessing liver function in this context.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Mobility. A malignant breast tumor typically lacks mobility due to its fixed attachment to surrounding tissues. This characteristic is concerning for malignancy as it suggests invasive growth. Incorrect answers: A: Nontenderness - Tenderness does not reliably indicate malignancy or benignancy. B: A size of 5 mm - Tumor size alone does not determine malignancy. C: Softness and a regular shape - Malignant tumors are often firm and irregular in shape.