Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank Quizlet

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fine needle aspiration. This is because fine needle aspiration involves extracting cells from the lump in the breast for examination under a microscope to determine if they are cancerous. This procedure provides a definitive diagnosis of breast cancer. Breast self-examination (A) is a screening tool for detecting lumps but does not confirm a diagnosis. Mammography (C) is used for screening and detecting abnormalities but requires further testing for confirmation. Chest x-ray (D) is not useful for diagnosing breast cancer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administering platelets, as ordered to maintain an adequate platelet count. In ITP, the client has low platelet count leading to risk of bleeding. Administering platelets helps raise platelet levels and prevent bleeding complications. Teaching coughing and deep-breathing techniques (A) is important for preventing respiratory infections but not directly related to ITP. Giving aspirin (C) is contraindicated as it can further decrease platelet count. Administering stool softeners (D) is important for preventing straining but not specific to managing ITP.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Naturally acquired passive immunity. This type of immunity occurs when antibodies are passed from mother to baby through the placenta or breast milk, providing temporary protection. The baby does not produce its antibodies, hence it is passive. Choice B, naturally acquired active immunity, involves the body producing its antibodies after exposure to a pathogen. Choice C, artificially acquired passive immunity, involves receiving preformed antibodies from an external source. Choice D, artificially acquired active immunity, involves the body producing antibodies in response to vaccination.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Transsphenoidal adenohypophysectomy is the surgical removal of the pituitary gland's adenohypophysis. 2. The procedure is used to treat pituitary tumors, which can be benign or malignant, but commonly referred to as pituitary adenomas. 3. Pituitary adenomas may secrete hormones excessively, leading to various endocrine disorders. 4. Hormone replacement therapy is required post-surgery to manage hormonal deficiencies. 5. Therefore, the correct answer is C (Pituitary carcinoma). Summary: A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not involve the pituitary gland, which is the primary target of a transsphenoidal adenohypophysectomy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hypercalcemia. In bone cancer, there can be excessive release of calcium from the bones, leading to elevated blood calcium levels. This can result in various complications such as kidney stones, cardiac arrhythmias, and weakness. Hyperkalemia (choice A) is not commonly associated with bone cancer. Hyponatremia (choice B) is more commonly seen in conditions like heart failure or kidney disease. Hypomagnesemia (choice D) is not a common electrolyte disturbance in bone cancer.