foundation of nursing practice questions

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When caring for a patient receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN), it is crucial to maintain strict aseptic technique to prevent infection. Wearing a sterile mask when changing the central venous catheter dressing helps to reduce the risk of introducing pathogens into the catheter site, which can lead to serious bloodstream infections. It is essential to use sterile gloves, a sterile mask, and to assess the insertion site for any signs or symptoms of infection during central venous catheter dressing changes. Additionally, to prevent infection, TPN infusion tubing should be changed every 24 hours, and no single container of TPN should be hung for longer than 24 hours, with lipids not running for longer than 12 hours.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Blurred vision is a common adverse effect of pilocarpine, a miotic agent commonly used for open-angle glaucoma. It occurs due to the constriction of the pupil, which can affect the patient's ability to focus clearly. Therefore, it is important for the nurse to explain to the patient that blurred vision is an expected adverse effect of the medication. This reassurance can help alleviate the patient's concerns and improve their understanding of the medication therapy. Holding the next dose and notifying the physician is not necessary in this situation as blurred vision is a known side effect and treating the patient for an allergic reaction or suggesting that the patient put on her glasses would not address the underlying cause of the blurred vision.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: This statement indicates successful learning because it acknowledges the main purpose of the ChooseMyPlate program, which is to help individuals make healthy food choices for a balanced diet and overall lifestyle. By understanding that ChooseMyPlate can guide them in making healthier food choices rather than just counting calories or using it for specific circumstances like sickness or infant care, the patient demonstrates a good grasp of the program's intended use and benefits.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. It is important to treat both partners simultaneously to prevent reinfection. Metronidazole (Flagyl) is the first-line treatment for trichomoniasis and is effective in eradicating the parasite. Treating both partners ensures that the infection is fully eliminated and reduces the risk of transmission back and forth between partners. It is crucial for the nurse to include this aspect in the care plan to achieve successful treatment outcomes for the patient and their partner.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The patient may be trying to protect loved ones from the emotional effects of the illness. This behavior could be a form of denial, a defense mechanism where the individual refuses to acknowledge the reality of the diagnosis in order to shield their loved ones from distress. By rejecting the diagnosis and refusing treatment, the patient may believe that they are preventing their family and friends from experiencing the emotional pain associated with the illness. This behavior is a common coping mechanism in response to overwhelming and distressing news like a terminal illness diagnosis. It serves a psychosocial purpose of trying to protect others from suffering, even though it may not align with the patient's best interest in terms of receiving appropriate medical care.