Nursing Process Practice Questions

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) is the antidote for acetaminophen overdose. It works by replenishing glutathione, which helps neutralize the toxic metabolite of acetaminophen. Pentostatin, Fludarabine, and Auranofin are not antidotes for acetaminophen overdose and are used for different conditions. Acetylcysteine is the correct choice as it directly counteracts the toxic effects of acetaminophen.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Prostate-specific antigen, which is used to screen for prostate cancer. PSA is a protein produced by the prostate gland, and elevated levels may indicate prostate cancer. Choice B is incorrect as PSA is specific to the prostate, not protein levels. Choice C is incorrect as pneumococcal strep antigen is related to pneumonia, not PSA. Choice D is incorrect as Papanicolua-specific antigen is not a recognized term, and PSA is not used to screen for cervical cancer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because developing a standard formal nursing diagnosis helps nurses focus on their scope of practice, which involves identifying and addressing the patient's nursing care needs. By formulating a specific nursing diagnosis, nurses can prioritize interventions and provide individualized care. Choice A is incorrect as nursing diagnoses are not exclusive to nurses. Choice B is incorrect because nursing and physician roles overlap. Choice C is incorrect as clinical judgment should be based on evidence and critical thinking, not solely on intuition.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because a positive diagnosis for HIV infection is confirmed through laboratory testing, specifically the ELISA and Western blot tests. These tests detect the presence of HIV antibodies in the blood, providing definitive evidence of the infection. Choice B is incorrect as weight loss and fever are symptoms but not diagnostic criteria. Choice C is incorrect as opportunistic infections are a consequence of HIV, not the diagnostic criteria. Choice D is incomplete and irrelevant. In summary, the key to diagnosing HIV is through positive laboratory tests, not just based on symptoms or associated infections.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B - Focus on the patient's presenting situation. This is because in the problem-oriented approach, the nurse must first gather data related to the patient's current issue or concern. This initial focus helps in identifying the primary problem, setting priorities, and developing a care plan. Now, let's analyze the other choices: A: Completing questions in chronological order may not be necessary or relevant to addressing the patient's immediate issue. C: Making accurate interpretations of the data comes after data collection, so it is not the first step. D: Conducting an observational overview is important but should come after focusing on the patient's presenting situation to gather specific and relevant data.