microbiology an introduction 12th edition test bank

Questions 80

ATI RN

ATI RN Test Bank

microbiology an introduction 12th edition test bank Questions

Question 1 of 5

The immunity in syphilis is:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because immunity in syphilis is nonsterile, meaning that individuals who have been infected may still carry the bacteria and be capable of transmitting the disease. This is due to the ability of the bacterium causing syphilis, Treponema pallidum, to evade the immune system by hiding within host cells. Option B, antitoxic, is incorrect because syphilis is not caused by a toxin produced by the bacteria, but rather by the bacterium itself. Option C, humoral, is also incorrect as syphilis immunity involves both humoral (antibody-mediated) and cell-mediated immune responses, not solely humoral immunity. Option D is incorrect as it includes all three options, whereas in reality, the immunity in syphilis is primarily nonsterile.

Question 2 of 5

A patient with a productive cough and fever had a Gram-positive cocci isolated from a sputum sample. The bacteria were catalase-positive and coagulase-negative. What is the likely microorganism?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Staphylococcus epidermidis. 1. Gram-positive cocci suggest a staphylococcal species. 2. Catalase-positive indicates it belongs to the Staphylococcus genus. 3. Coagulase-negative rules out Staphylococcus aureus. 4. Staphylococcus epidermidis is a common cause of infections in immunocompromised patients. Summary: - B: Staphylococcus aureus is coagulase-positive. - C: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a Gram-positive diplococci. - D: Neisseria meningitidis is a Gram-negative diplococci.

Question 3 of 5

The etiological agent of Q-fever is:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Coxiella burnetii. Q-fever is caused by the bacterium Coxiella burnetii. It is not caused by viruses like Bunyaviridae or Filoviridae. Rickettsia conorii causes Mediterranean spotted fever, not Q-fever. Coxiella burnetii is the only bacterium among the choices known to be the etiological agent of Q-fever.

Question 4 of 5

In the South and Central America there can be found a species of trypanosomes that is the causative agent of Chagas disease. What animal is the infection carrier specific to this disease?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Triatomine bug. Triatomine bugs, also known as "kissing bugs," are the specific carrier of the trypanosomes that cause Chagas disease. These bugs transmit the parasite through their feces, which contain the infectious forms of the trypanosomes. When the bug bites a human or animal, it defecates near the bite wound, allowing the parasites to enter the bloodstream through the broken skin. Mosquitoes (B) transmit diseases like malaria and dengue fever, not Chagas disease. Tsetse flies (C) are known for transmitting African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), not Chagas disease. Cockroaches (D) are not known to transmit Chagas disease.

Question 5 of 5

Which bacteria produce a toxin that inhibits protein synthesis?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Shigella dysenteriae. This bacteria produces the Shiga toxin, which inhibits protein synthesis by interfering with the ribosomes. Shigella dysenteriae causes severe gastrointestinal illness. The other choices, B: Clostridium botulinum, produces a neurotoxin that blocks neurotransmitter release. C: Streptococcus pneumoniae causes pneumonia and other respiratory infections. D: Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis by infecting the lungs. Thus, based on the toxin production and mode of action, Shigella dysenteriae is the correct answer.

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