microbiology an introduction tortora test bank

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: virulence. Virulence refers to the degree or extent of disease-evoking power that a microorganism possesses. This term specifically describes the ability of a microorganism to cause disease in a host. It is a crucial factor in understanding the pathogenicity of different microorganisms. Choice B: strength is incorrect because it does not specifically relate to the disease-causing potential of a microorganism. Choice C: resistance refers to the ability of an organism to withstand the effects of a particular agent, such as a drug or environmental factor. Choice D: competence is not directly related to the disease-causing ability of a microorganism, but rather refers to the ability of an organism to perform a specific function effectively.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for the correct answer (A: Epstein-Barr virus): 1. Epstein-Barr virus is a member of the Herpesviridae family, known for causing infectious mononucleosis. 2. Members of Herpesviridae have double-stranded DNA genomes and enveloped virions. 3. They establish latent infections in host cells and can reactivate periodically. 4. Poxvirus (B) belongs to the Poxviridae family, not Herpesviridae. 5. SARS (C) is caused by a coronavirus, not a herpesvirus. 6. HIV (D) belongs to the Retroviridae family, not Herpesviridae. Summary: The correct answer is A because Epstein-Barr virus is a member of the Herpesviridae family, exhibiting specific characteristics distinct from the other choices.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This bacterium is responsible for causing tuberculosis as it specifically infects the lungs and can spread through the air. Mycobacterium leprae (choice A) causes leprosy, not tuberculosis. Streptococcus pneumoniae (choice C) is a common cause of pneumonia but not tuberculosis. Clostridium botulinum (choice D) causes botulism, a different disease unrelated to tuberculosis. Therefore, the unique characteristics and infection pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis make it the correct choice for the bacteria responsible for causing tuberculosis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Blue pus bacillus. Pseudomonas genus includes bacteria that commonly cause diseases in plants. Blue pus bacillus is a common name for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a well-known bacterium that causes diseases in medicinal plants. Explanation: 1. Blue pus bacillus (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) is a member of the Pseudomonas genus known for causing diseases in plants. 2. Colon bacillus (Escherichia coli) belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family, not the Pseudomonas genus. 3. Proteus is a genus of the Enterobacteriaceae family, not Pseudomonas. 4. Mycoplasma is a genus of bacteria that lack a cell wall and are not related to the Pseudomonas genus. In summary, the correct answer is A because it is a member of the Pseudomonas genus known for causing diseases in medicinal plants, while

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. Adenoviral infections are not restricted only to the upper respiratory tract; they can also affect the gastrointestinal tract, eyes, and other organs. Adenoviruses are known to cause a wide range of illnesses beyond just respiratory infections. Therefore, option B is correct. Option A is incorrect because it states that adenoviral infections are restricted to the upper respiratory tract, which is not true. Option C is incorrect because there is no circumstance where adenoviral infections are solely limited to the upper respiratory tract. Option D is also incorrect as the correct answer is B.