foundation of nursing questions

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it acknowledges the patient's symptoms, reassures monitoring, and addresses the cause. It validates his experience while offering a proactive approach. Choice B is incorrect as it dismisses the patient's symptoms and can cause distress. Choice C is incorrect because it generalizes the patient's experience and lacks individualized care. Choice D is incorrect as it may give false hope and oversimplifies the situation. A provides the best balance of empathy and information for the patient's well-being.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Graphic record and flow sheet. The nurse will use a graphic record and flow sheet to document the patient's daily weights. This form allows for easy tracking and visualization of weight trends over time. Database (A) is used for storing large amounts of data but not ideal for daily weight tracking. Progress notes (B) are for narrative descriptions of patient care, not specific for daily weights. Patient care summary (C) provides an overview of the patient's care plan, not detailed daily weights.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Obtaining a midstream urine specimen. This task is within the scope of practice for nursing assistive personnel as it involves collecting a specimen, which is a routine and non-invasive procedure. Nursing assistive personnel are trained to perform basic tasks like specimen collection. Choices B, C, and D involve more complex skills and procedures that require specialized training and knowledge, which are typically performed by licensed nurses. Interpreting bladder scan results (B), inserting a straight catheter (C), and irrigating a catheter (D) all require a higher level of expertise and assessment that nursing assistive personnel are not qualified to do.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Rate of growth. Malignant cancer cells grow and divide rapidly compared to benign cells. Benign cells are usually slow-growing and have a well-defined border, while malignant cells grow uncontrollably and invade surrounding tissues. The other choices are incorrect because: B: Ability to cause death - Both benign and malignant cells have the potential to cause harm, but the key difference lies in their growth rate and invasiveness. C: Size of cells - The size of cells does not necessarily differentiate between benign and malignant cells. D: Cell contents - While malignant cells may have abnormal cell contents, this is not a defining characteristic when differentiating between benign and malignant cells. E: Ability to spread - While the ability to spread is a key characteristic of malignant cells, the primary differentiating factor in this question is the rate of growth.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Emotional exhaustion. Dealing with others' pain daily can lead to burnout and emotional exhaustion for the nurse. This can result in decreased empathy and effectiveness in providing care. Healthy practices such as self-care, setting boundaries, and seeking support can help prevent emotional exhaustion. Choice A: Inefficiency in the provision of care is incorrect because emotional exhaustion may affect the quality of care but does not necessarily lead to inefficiency. Choice B: Excessive weight gain is incorrect as it is not directly related to the emotional toll of dealing with others' pain. Choice D: Social withdrawal is incorrect as it is a potential outcome of emotional exhaustion but not the primary concern in this scenario.