geriatric nursing practice questions

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Primarily in the last 30 years. This is because advancements in research methodologies, technology, and increased awareness of aging population's health needs have led to a significant increase in research rigor and scope in the past few decades. Choice B is too broad and vague. Choice C is incorrect as research on older adults' health outcomes predates the establishment of Medicare. Choice D is too limited in scope, as research on older adults' health outcomes has been ongoing for more than just the last decade.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) combined with physical therapy. This intervention is effective in managing chronic pain in older adults because it addresses both the psychological and physical aspects of pain. CBT helps individuals change negative thought patterns and behaviors related to pain, leading to improved pain management. Physical therapy can help improve physical function and reduce pain through exercises and techniques. A: Increased use of narcotic medications may provide short-term relief but can lead to dependence and other negative side effects in older adults. C: Isolation can worsen mental health and exacerbate pain symptoms due to lack of social support and interaction. D: Surgery is not suitable for all types of chronic pain in older adults and should only be considered as a last resort after conservative interventions have been tried. In summary, B is the most effective intervention as it addresses both psychological and physical aspects of chronic pain in older adults, unlike the other options which may have limitations or negative consequences.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, dramatic loss of melanin. Melanin is a pigment responsible for skin color and does not play a role in the development of pressure ulcers. Shearing, decreased body weight, and malnutrition (decreased serum albumin) are all known risk factors for pressure ulcers in the elderly. Shearing can lead to tissue damage, decreased body weight can indicate poor nutrition and muscle wasting, and malnutrition can impair wound healing and skin integrity. Therefore, D is the correct answer as it does not contribute to the likelihood of an elderly person developing a pressure ulcer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increasing protein intake. Protein is crucial for maintaining muscle mass and strength in older adults, aiding in the prevention and management of malnutrition. Protein also supports immune function and wound healing. Reducing calorie intake (A) can exacerbate malnutrition, as older adults need adequate nutrition. Avoiding all fats (C) is not recommended as healthy fats are essential for brain health and nutrient absorption. Limiting hydration (D) can lead to dehydration and worsen malnutrition. In summary, increasing protein intake is the most important factor in managing malnutrition in older adults due to its vital role in maintaining overall health and preventing muscle loss.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer B: "Channeling Your Inner Strength Toward Wellness" 1. Focuses on a positive approach to aging by emphasizing inner strength and wellness. 2. Aligns with the ALF's philosophy of viewing aging from a health perspective. 3. Encourages residents to take an active role in their well-being and empowers them. 4. Promotes a holistic view of health by addressing physical, mental, and emotional aspects. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: "The Many Chronic Illnesses of Aging" - Focuses on negative aspects and does not promote a proactive approach to health. C: "Maximizing Function As You Age" - While important, it may not fully capture the holistic nature of health and wellness. D: "Conserving Your Strength As You Age" - Does not emphasize active engagement in promoting wellness and may promote a passive approach.