microbiology chapter 1 test bank

Questions 80

ATI RN

ATI RN Test Bank

microbiology chapter 1 test bank Questions

Question 1 of 5

Patient with diarrhoea was admitted to the infection unit. Gram-negative curved rod-like bacteria were founded on bacterioscopic examination of faecal masses. What is the most likely disease in this patient?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cholera. Cholera is caused by Gram-negative curved rod-like bacteria called Vibrio cholerae, commonly found in contaminated water or food. The characteristic symptom of cholera is profuse watery diarrhea, which matches the patient's presentation. Typhoid fever (A) is caused by Salmonella typhi, which is not a curved rod-like bacteria. Diphtheria (C) is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a Gram-positive bacterium, and does not typically cause diarrhea. Intestinal form of plague (D) is caused by Yersinia pestis, which is not a curved rod-like bacteria and does not typically present with diarrhea.

Question 2 of 5

A patient with a respiratory infection had sputum cultured on Endo agar, revealing green colonies. The bacteria were Gram-negative rods. What is the most likely causative agent?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known to produce green colonies on Endo agar due to its pyoverdin pigment. It is also a Gram-negative rod. P. aeruginosa commonly causes respiratory infections in immunocompromised patients. Escherichia coli (B) typically produces pink colonies on Endo agar and is more associated with gastrointestinal infections. Salmonella typhi (C) and Shigella dysenteriae (D) are both Enterobacteriaceae that usually do not produce green colonies on Endo agar and are more associated with gastrointestinal infections as well.

Question 3 of 5

Infectious diseases in the adult population are responsible for about one third of all deaths in individuals over the age of:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C (60 years) because as individuals age, their immune system weakens, making them more susceptible to infectious diseases. Around the age of 60, people are more likely to succumb to infections, leading to a higher mortality rate. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they are younger ages, and the likelihood of infectious diseases causing a significant proportion of deaths increases with age.

Question 4 of 5

Saprophytic microorganism from the environment, which can cause exogenous infections and diseases only when the host is severely damaged, are called:

Correct Answer:

Rationale: Correct Answer: C: opportunists Rationale: 1. Opportunistic microorganisms cause infections only when the host's immune system is compromised. 2. They are typically harmless in healthy individuals but can become pathogenic in weakened hosts. 3. Saprophytic microorganisms are environmental decomposers, not inherently pathogenic. 4. Facultative pathogens can cause disease in both healthy and compromised hosts. 5. Obligate pathogens always cause disease regardless of the host's condition. Summary: A: Facultative pathogens can cause disease in healthy hosts. B: Saprophytes are not inherently pathogenic. D: Obligate pathogens always cause disease.

Question 5 of 5

All of the following are components of the gastrointestinal tract except the:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: spleen. The spleen is not a component of the gastrointestinal tract; it is part of the lymphatic system. The pharynx, esophagus, and stomach are all part of the gastrointestinal tract responsible for digestion and absorption of food. The spleen's main functions include filtering blood, storing blood cells, and supporting the immune system, making it unrelated to the digestive process.

Similar Questions

Join Our Community Today!

Join Over 10,000+ nursing students using Nurselytic. Access Comprehensive study Guides curriculum for ATI-RN and 3000+ practice questions to help you pass your ATI-RN exam.

Call to Action Image